《INTRODUCTION TO MODELING AND CONTROL OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE SYSTEMS》求取 ⇩

1Introduction1

1.1 Control Systems for IC Engines1

1.1.1Relevance of Engine Control Systems1

1.1.2 Electronic Engine Control Hardware and Software2

1.2 Overview of SI Engine Control Problems3

1.2.1General Remarks3

1.2.2 Main Control Loops in SI Engines5

1.2.3 Future Developments7

1.3 Overview of CI Engine Control Problems9

1.3.1General Remarks9

1.3.2 Main Control Loops in Diesel Engines11

1.3.3 Future Developments15

1.4 Structure of the Text16

1.5 Notation17

2Mean-Value Models21

2.1 Introduction22

2.2 Cause and Effect Diagrams24

2.2.1Spark-Ignited Engines25

2.2.2 Diesel Engines28

2.3 Air System30

2.3.1Receivers30

2.3.2 Valve Mass Flows31

2.3.3 Engine Mass Flows35

2.3.4 Exhaust Gas Recirculation37

2.3.5 Superchargers40

2.4 Fuel System52

2.4.1Introduction52

2.4.2 Wall-Wetting Dynamics53

2.4.3 Gas Mixing and Transport Delays63

2.5 Mechanical System64

2.5.1Torque Generation64

2.5.2 Engine Speed74

2.6 Thermal Systems79

2.6.1Introduction79

2.6.2 Engine Exhaust Gas Enthalpy80

2.6.3 Thermal Model of the Exhaust Manifold82

2.6.4 Simplified Thermal Model83

2.6.5 Detailed Thermal Model84

2.7Pollutant Formation91

2.7.1 Introduction91

2.7.2 Stoichiometric Combustion92

2.7.3 Pollutant Formation in SI Engines93

2.7.4 Pollutant Formation in Diesel Engines99

2.7.5 Control-Oriented NO Model101

2.8 Pollutant Abatement Systems105

2.8.1Introduction105

2.8.2 Pollution Abatement Systems for SI Engines105

2.8.3 Pollution Abatement Systems for Diesel Engines118

3Discrete-Event Models129

3.1 Introduction to DEM130

3.1.1When are DEM Required?130

3.1.2 Discrete-Time Effects of the Combustion130

3.1.3 Discrete Action of the ECU132

3.1.4 DEM for Injection and Ignition135

3.2 The Most Important DEM in Engine Systems138

3.2.1DEM of the Mean Torque Production138

3.2.2 DEM of the Air Flow Dynamics143

3.2.3 DEM of the Fuel-Flow Dynamics146

3.2.4 DEM of the Back-Flow Dynamics of CNG Engines155

3.2.5 DEM of the Residual Gas Dynamics157

3.2.6 DEM of the Exhaust System160

3.3 DEM Based on Cylinder Pressure Information162

3.3.1General Remarks162

3.3.2 Estimation of Burned-Mass Fraction163

3.3.3 Cylinder Charge Estimation165

3.3.4 Torque Variations Due to Pressure Pulsations170

4Control of Engine Systems173

4.1 Introduction174

4.1.1General Remarks174

4.1.2 Software Structure175

4.1.3 Engine Operating Point178

4.1.4 Engine Calibration179

4.2 Air/Fuel Ratio Control System181

4.2.1Feedforward Control System181

4.2.2 Feedback Control System186

4.3 Control of an SCR System206

4.4Engine Thermomanagemeut211

4.4.1 Introduction211

4.4.2 Control Problem Formulation212

4.4.3 Feedforward Control System214

4.4.4 Experimental Results216

AAppendix A223

A.1 Modeling of Dynamic Systems223

A.2 System Description and System Properties232

A.3 Model Uncertainty238

A.4 Control System Design for Nominal Plants241

A.5 Control System Design for Uncertain Plants250

A.6 Controller Discretization253

A.7 Controller Realization262

A.7.1 Gain Scheduling263

A.7.2 Anti Reset Windup264

A.8 Further Reading264

BAppendix B267

B.1 Modeling of the Idle Speed System268

B.1.1 Introduction268

B.1.2System Structure269

B.1.3 Description of Subsystems270

B.2Parameter Identification and Model Validation277

B.2.1 Static Behavior277

B.2.2 Dynamic Behavio281

B.2.3 Numerical Values of the Model Parameters283

B.3 Description of Linear System285

B.4 Control System Design and Implementation287

References291