《MAJOR ISSUES IN IMMIGRATION LAW》

I. INTRODUCTION1

II. BASIC PROCESS AND ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTRUE5

Process and Players5

Consuls and the Visa Process5

Adjustment of Status6

Immigration and Naturalization Service7

Immigration Judges and the Board of Immigration Appeals7

Other Appeals9

Terminology: Exclusion Versus Deportation9

Key Documents12

III. CONSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK15

Federal and State Powers15

Individual Rights17

Substantive Provisions of the Immigration Laws17

Applicability of Procedural Due Process Review21

Standards for Procedural Due Process Review25

Detention30

IV. ADMISSION CATEGORIES35

Nonimmigrant Categories35

Immigrant Categories36

Initiating the Admission Process38

Family Reunification39

Offspring40

Marriages42

Labor Certification46

V. GROUNDS FOR EXCLUSION AND DEPORTATION49

Grounds for Exclusion50

Health Grounds51

Economic Grounds51

Criminal Grounds51

Quasi-Criminal and Moral Grounds52

Grounds Related to Immigration Processing53

National-Security Grounds53

Waivers of Excludability54

Grounds for Deportation55

Grounds Based on Preentry Characteristics56

Grounds Based on Postentry Behavior57

VI. RELIEF FROM DEPORTATION61

Suspension of Deportation61

Statutory Eligibility62

Discretion65

Motions to Reopen67

Other Provisions Leading to Permanent Relief69

Adjustment of Status69

Registry71

Section212(c)71

Other Relief from Deportation72

Voluntary Departure72

Prosecutorial Discretion75

Stay of Deportation76

VII. POLITICAL ASYLUM77

Background78

Statutory Provisions79

Procedures83

Standards84

Evidence84

Basis of the Threat87

Degree of Threat88

VIII. JUDICIAL REVIEW95

Background95

Review in Accordance with the Administrative Procedure Act96

Petitions for Review of Deportation Orders98

Procedure98

Pendent Jurisdiction103

Exhaustion of Remedies106

Departure While Review Is Pending107

Judicial Review of Visa Denials107

IX. ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION AND THE 1986 REFORMS109

Overview109

Employer Sanctions111

Coverage111

Verification112

Documents113

Enforcement and Penalties114

Judicial Review115

Transition115

Antidiscrimination115

Coverage116

Procedures117

Legalization118

Scope119

Benefits120

Procedures121

Cuban-Haitian Entrants125

Agricultural Workers125

H-2A Nonimmigrants126

Special Agricultural Workers126

Replenishment Agricultural Workers128

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY131

TABLE OF CASES139