《HEROIN AND POLITICIANS THE FAILURE OF PUBLIC POLICY TO CONTROL ADDICTION IN AMERICA》求取 ⇩

PART I. FORMULATING HEROIN-CONTROL POLICY1

1. The Criminalization of Heroin3

Ancient History3

Modern History4

2. The Nixon War on Heroin18

Genesis of the Recent War on Heroin19

Crime, Addiction, and Vietnam21

The Feds in Action25

Treatment and Rehabilitation: A New Emphasis25

Nixon Moves Control Over Treatment Strategy to White House27

ODALE AND LEAA30

Enter Methadone Maintenance: The Forlorn Hope31

3. The Physiology of Methadone Maintenance38

Methadone Maintenance Defined38

The Dole/Nyswander Research Project40

Pharmacologic Effects of Methadone Maintenance44

4. The Politics of Methadone Maintenance53

Support by Official Spokesmen53

Support by the Legal Establishment55

Promotion by the Liberal Press and Social Scientists56

The Role of the White House Domestic Council58

Winning the War on Heroin70

5. Victory Was Not Around the Corner78

Return of the "Heroin Problem"78

Treatment Policy Under the Ford Administration81

The Carter Administration's Approach to Heroin83

Ronald Reagan Assumes the Presidency and the Golden Crescent Replaces the Golden Triangle85

PART II. HEROIN ADDICTION TREATMENT AND ITS OUTCOME91

6. Goal Achievement Analysis of Methadone Maintenance93

The Goals of Methadone Maintenance93

Conclusions on Methadone Maintenance Therapy124

7. Heroin Detoxification and Aftercare Counseling134

Treatment Process and Outcome Goals134

Aftercare Counseling140

8. Residential Programs and Jailhouse Therapeutic Communities150

What Residential Treatment Is150

Do Residential Programs Work? Retention and Outcome156

The Relationship of Treatment to Outcome160

CRC: A Jailhouse Therapeutic Community165

Summary170

9. The Drug Abuse-Industrial Complex175

The Latent Goals of Addiction Treatment Strategies175

Profit-Making Corporations186

Addiction Cost Estimate Studies201

10.Conclusions and Future Prospects207

The Legislation of Behavior208

Looking Backward from 2080: Decline of Heroin and the Rise of New Highs209

Bibliographic Essay215

Index231

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