《KENNEDY KHRUSHCHEV AND THE TEST BAN》求取 ⇩

PART ONE. Prologue: Negotiations Pre-Kennedy1

1. From BRAVO to the Conference of Experts3

The U.S. on the Defensive3

More Modest Approaches6

New Test Ban Proposals: Official and Unofficial7

Toward Technical Discussion10

The Conference of Experts12

2. Test Ban Negotiations Begin14

Early Days of the Geneva Conference14

Technical Challenges16

High-Altitude Detection19

Impasse over Technical Data20

Agreement Almost Reached21

Reversal24

PART TWO. Downward Spiral27

3. In Search of a Policy29

First Meetings with the President30

Opposing Views32

Were the Soviets Cheating?34

War in My Head35

McCloy's Review35

The Principals Endorse Concessions37

The President Takes a Hand43

A White House Luncheon45

On Decision Making49

Off to Geneva51

4. A Bad Start at Geneva54

Enter the Troika54

Western Concessions Introduced55

The West Tables a Complete Treaty57

A New Atmosphere in Geneva59

5. Internal Debate, External Challenge61

Differing Views61

Weighing the Options63

Confrontation in Vienna66

Preparing-While Seeming Not To68

Teetering on the Brink73

The Panofsky Panel74

The Gauntlet Thrown76

PART THREE. Reluctant Militancy79

6. Over the Brink81

Meetings, Meetings81

A New Western Proposal85

The President Decides86

A Bad Start89

A Drift Toward Atmospheric Testing Begins89

7. Organization and Disarmament Initiatives92

An Agency is Born92

A Plan for General and Complete Disarmament96

The President at the UN98

A Statement of Agreed Principles99

8. Toward Atmospheric Testing103

A New Policy Position103

I "Meet the Press"105

Negotiations with the British108

And with the French110

Decision Delayed111

British Interventions113

The AEC Takes a Stand114

The Decision to Prepare in the Open115

9. Test Plans and a Summit116

The Committee on Atmospheric Testing116

Quest for Christmas Island117

A Sober Reevaluation119

The Geneva Conference's Last Gasp121

An Aside on Public Opinion122

The Test Committee's Program123

Preparations for the Bermuda Summit125

Dialogue at the Summit126

10.The Decision To Test in the Atmosphere132

New Uncertainties132

Various Views133

Summit Correspondence134

Decision to Test, with an Escape Clause135

11.Geneva Revisited140

Preparing the U.S. Position140

A New Low at Geneva142

Technical Reevaluation144

The Eight-Nation Memorandum147

12.Operation DOMINIC150

Overview150

Some Public Reactions151

Electrons on High152

Final Tests157

Evaluation158

PART FOUR. A Turning159

13.Auguries of Change161

Weakening of the U.S. Position161

Four Significant Meetings164

New Western Proposals168

14.The Missile Crisis and Its Aftermath172

The Course of the Crisis172

Reactions to the Settlement175

Enter the Black Boxes176

How Many Inspections? A Misunderstanding178

An Anniversary: "Happy Relationships"181

Unproductive Talks183

15."My Hopes Are Somewhat Dimmed"186

Those Opposed186

Further Changes in the U.S. Position187

Continued Deadlock in Geneva189

Plans for Further U.S. Atmospheric Tests192

The Proliferation Connection193

My Effort to Save the Plowshare Program195

Where is the Genie?198

16.The Tide Begins To Turn201

My Journey to the Soviet Union201

The Hot Line206

A New Western Initiative207

Further Moves by the President211

The Speech: Its Genesis211

The Speech: Its Content213

The Speech: Its Reception216

17.Preparation for a Mission219

Dissension within the Administration219

The President Abroad224

Toward a Limited Treaty226

Instructing Harriman228

Uncertainty229

PART FIVE. "A Shaft of Light"233

18.Twelve Days in Moscow235

Arrival235

A Good Beginning238

Requiem for the Comprehensive240

Gromyko's Aggressive Pursuit of a Nonaggression Pact243

A Trade: Peaceful Uses for Withdrawal244

Accession249

Khrushchev: "Up Close and Personal"250

"The Great Man of the Meeting"251

19.Ceremonies and Reactions254

Terms of the Treaty254

Initialing255

First Reactions256

Giving the Senate a Role258

The Delegation259

"A Glorious Day"260

20.The Senate Consents263

Presidential Efforts263

The Hearings Overall265

Rusk and McNamara266

My Testimony: Could Plowshare Survive?266

The Joint Chiefs and the Four Safeguards269

Edward Teller and Other Scientists271

Reservations Proposed273

Political Aspects275

The Stennis Committee276

Conflicting Committee Reports277

Floor Debate278

Consent280

PART SIX. Epilogue283

21.A Reckoning285

Four Minutes to Midnight285

Hopes Fulfilled and Unfulfilled286

22.Still Needed: A Comprehensive Test Ban293

Partial Steps295

Recent Efforts: Near Agreement Once Again296

A Look Back: If Kennedy and Khrushchev Had Survived297

Appendix: Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space, and Under Water302

Notes306

Index311