《PROGRESS IN Nucleic Acid Research Volume 1》

“Primer” in DNA Polymerase ReactionsF.J.BOLLUM1

Ⅰ.Introduction1

Ⅱ.Definitions and Polymer Principles2

Ⅲ.Priming Activity as a Function of Molecular Weight and State4

Ⅳ.Chemical and Physical Effects as an Aid in Elucidating Mechanism14

Ⅴ.Hypothetical Mechanism for DNA Synthesis19

Ⅵ.Summary24

References25

The Biosynthesis of Ribonucleic Acid in Animal SystemsR.M.S.SMELLIE27

Ⅰ.Introduction27

Ⅱ.Systems Incorporating One or Two Ribonucleotides into Polyribonucleotides30

Ⅲ.Systems Incorporating All Four Ribonucleotide Residues37

Ⅳ. Requirement for a Primer41

Ⅴ. Site of RNA Biosynthesis in the Cell46

Ⅵ. Speculations as to the Significance of the Different Synthetic Pathways49

References55

The Role of DNA in RNA SynthesisJERARD HURWITZ AND J.T.AUGUST59

Ⅰ.Introduction59

Ⅱ.The in Vivo Control of RNA Synthesis by DNA59

Ⅲ.The in Vitro Control of RNA Synthesis by DNA62

Ⅳ.Conclusion89

References90

Polynucleotide PhosphorylaseM.GRUNBERG-MANAGO93

Ⅰ.Introduction93

Ⅱ.Isolation of Polynucleotide Phosphorylase94

Ⅲ.The Catalytic Reaction99

Ⅳ.Reaction Mechanism111

Ⅴ.Polymers125

Ⅵ.Physiological Function of Polynucleotide Phoephorylase127

References129

Messenger Ribonucleic AcidFRITZ LIPMANN135

Ⅰ.Synopsis135

Ⅱ.Synthesis of Template RNA138

Ⅲ.Kinetics of mRNA Synthesis145

Ⅳ.In Vitro Combination of Ribosomes with Added RNA154

Ⅴ.The Functioning of mRNA in Peptide Synthesis155

Ⅵ.Conclusion157

References158

The Recent Excitement in the Coding ProblemF.H.C.CRICK163

Ⅰ.Introduction164

Ⅱ.General Questions168

Ⅲ.The Cell-Free System175

Ⅳ.Amino Acid Changes from a Single Mutation186

Ⅴ.Further Experimental Evidence194

Ⅵ.Is the Code Degenerate?198

Ⅶ.Theoretical Matters203

Ⅷ. General Observations212

Addendum214

References215

Some Thoughts on the Double-Stranded Model of Deoxyribonucleic AcidAARON BENDICH AND HEBBERT S.ROSENKRANZ219

Text219

Concluding Remarks227

Referencon227

Denaturation and Renaturation of Deoxyribonucleic AcidJ.MARMUR,R.ROWED,AND C.L.SCHILDKRAUT231

Ⅰ.Properties of the Native and Denatured States of RNA232

Ⅱ.Early Denaturation Studies on DNA235

Ⅲ.Denaturation and Evidence for Strand Separation240

Ⅳ.General Aspects of Denaturation and Renaturation257

Ⅴ.Mechanism of Renaturation271

Ⅵ.Hybrid Formation278

Ⅶ.Applications of Renaturation288

Ⅷ.Summary291

References293

Some Problems Concerning the Macromolecular Structure of Ribonucleic AcidsA.S.SPIRIN301

Ⅰ.Introduction301

Ⅱ. Chain Length303

Ⅲ.Chain Conformation of RNA in Solution315

Ⅳ.On Chain Conformation within Riboeomes338

Ⅴ.Conclusion341

References341

The Structure of DNA as Determined by X-ray Scattering TechniquesVITTORIO LUZZATI347

Ⅰ.Introduction347

Ⅱ.X-ray Diffraction Technique348

Ⅲ.The Chemical and Physicochemical Evidence351

Ⅳ.The Structure of DNA Fibers352

Ⅴ.The Strueture of DNA in Solution353

Ⅵ.Discussion and Conclusions363

References366

Molecular Mechanisms of Radiation EffectsA.WACKER369

Ⅰ.Preface369

Ⅱ.Ultraviolet Light370

Ⅲ.X-rays395

Ⅳ.Conclusion396

References398

AUTHOR INDEX401

SUBJECT INDEX416