《Table 2–Fitting parameters of pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion

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《Effect of an eco-friendly o/w emulsion stabilized with amphiphilic sodium alginate derivatives on lambda-cyhalothrin adsorption-desorption on natural soil minerals》

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The thermodynamic parameters for the adsorption of pesticides for the two systems on illite and kaolinite are shown in Table 4.The negative values ofΔG0in the temperature range of 298–318 K indicated that the adsorption processes of pesticides on illite or kaolinite were spontaneous and feasible The positive values ofΔH0showed that the adsorption was an endothermic reaction.At the same time，the magnitude ofΔH0could reflect the adsorption force between the adsorbate and the adsorbent，and Tan et al.（2015）reported on the relationship ofΔH0with the adsorption mechanism.When 4<ΔH-0<10，the adsorption process may be dominated by van der Waals forces；whenΔH0≈5，the adsorption process may be dominated by hydrophobic bonding；when 2<ΔH0<40，the adsorption process may be dominated by hydrogen bonding whenΔH0≈40，the adsorption process may be dominated by ion exchange；when 2<ΔH0<29，the adsorption process may be dominated by dipole bonding；and whenΔH0>60，the adsorption process may be dominated by chemical bonding The table shows that the values ofΔH0exceeded 60，indicating that chemical bond was most probably involved，as was consistent with the results discussed above in the section on adsorption kinetics.However，the adsorptionΔH0of pesticide in the CSAD/APG system was larger than in the CSAD/APG system，suggesting that the chemical bond energy of pesticide adsorbed on the soil minerals for the CSAD/APG system was stronger than that the soil minerals for the CSAD system（See Table 5）.