《美国工程与工业 第1卷 石油与天然气工业技术评论》

目 录7

第一章引言美国的石油和天然气工业··························7

第二章石油与天然气的勘探································15

引言········································15

石油与天然气的地面和地下勘探····························16

地球物理勘探——现状································19

地震勘探法·····································25

地震勘探技术的新发展································36

石油源岩的评价······························42

近海石油与天然气勘查的地球化学油气苗探测······················44

第三章石油与天然气井的钻进··························47

引言 ··································47

勘探钻井与炮眼钻井 ················50

旋转钻机装置····································51

钻机的运输·····································56

旋转钻井设备····································59

定向钻井······································61

钻头 ···65

钻井液·······································73

钻井泥浆循环系统··································82

取心钻井······································87

油管与套管——美国石油学会标准···························89

刚性油管柱的设计要求································92

钻井控制和自动化系统 ····························95

第四章井的完成······································99

完井介绍——引言··································99

井的完成·····································101

生产试验·····································103

近海测试系统···································105

石油与天然气的生产·······························107

人工提升·····································122

油井大修作业···································125

离心泵采油 ·································128

油井增产措施···································129

深井的增产措施··································130

使用XANCO-FRAC进行水力压裂··························132

美国提高原油采收率的技术·····························134

马拉注入法：用胶束-聚合物提高采收率························136

热力采油装置的热密封封隔器····························137

用活性氧化铁除去钻井泥浆中的硫化氢························138

控制石蜡的问题··································139

防喷器设备····································141

钢丝绳技术····································147

同心管缸筒和液压缸筒修井设备···························149

引言······································151

第五章近海钻井设备···············151

海上钻井设备布置······························155

驱动近海钻井设备的动力系统····························156

521 9千瓦燃气轮机压缩机系统························161

半潜式的海上浮动钻井作业··························162

自升式装置操作指南·····························172

自升式钻井采油平台··························182

拖航、系泊和定位······························184

水下开采····································189

第六章管道··························193

经济情况概述···································193

管道设计基础·····························193

管道管材的要求··································197

在沼泽泥泞地区铺设管道······························199

深水铺管方法··························203

海底下面铺管································204

管道的自动焊接····························205

管道防护·····································208

清管器······································211

管道原动机····································218

声速流喷咀作为临界流校准仪····························221

为燃气轮机和柴油机蒸馏燃料油品··························223

第七章 自动化与控制··································225

油、气田生产自动化································225

利用小型计算机的透平机械监护系统·························228

海上天然气多井平台自动化·····························229

管线的全面控制··································235