《North American index Fossils Invertebrates Volume Ⅱ》

Phylum Ⅴ. MOLLUSCA(Continued)1

Class Conularida1

Literature1

Artificial Key to the Genera1

Family Hyolithid?2

Family Torellellid?7

Family Tentaculitid?10

Family Conularid?12

Class Pteropoda15

Class Cephalopoda16

Literature26

Artificial Key to the Genera27

Subclass Tetrabranchiata39

Order Nautiloidea39

Suborder Protochoanites39

Suborder Holochoanites39

Suborder Ortho-choanites47

Suborder Cyrtochoanites113

Order Am-monoidea133

Clymenida133

Bactritida134

Agoniatitida135

Manticoceratida136

Aganidida138

Glyphioceratida141

Popanoceratida145

Prolecanitida147

Nannitida150

Pinacoceratida151

Ceratitoidea152

Tropitoidea160

Arcestida162

Phylloceratida164

Haploceratida166

Scaphitida176

Arietida183

Dactylioida184

Morpho-ceratida189

Acanthoceratida193

Mantelliceratida194

Ancyloceratida198

Placenticeratida212

Mammitida223

Subclass Dibranchiata229

Order Belemnoidea229

Belemnitida229

Order Sepioidea233

Sepiophorida233

Phylum Ⅵ. ANNULOSA234

Class Annelida234

Literature234

Order Polych?ta235

Suborder Tubicola235

Suborder Errantia240

Annelid Jaws and Conodonts240

Trails245

Worm Burrows246

Of Doubtful Affinities247

Phylum Ⅶ. ARTHROPODA250

Class Crustacea250

Subclass Trilobita250

Literature252

Artificial Key to the Genera252

Order Hypoparia256

Order Opisthoparia260

Order Proparia314

Subclass Phyllopoda330

Literature330

Order Branchiopoda330

Subclass Ostracoda333

Literature334

Artificial Key to the Genera335

Description of Genera and Species338

Subclass Cirripedia370

Subclass Malacostraca372

Order Phyllocarida372

Literature373

Descriptions373

Order Schizopoda384

Order Decapoda386

Literature388

Suborder Macrura389

Suborder Brachiura393

Superorder Edriopthalma397

Order Amphipoda397

Order Isopoda398

Class Acerata399

Subclass Merostoniata399

Order Xiphosura399

Literature399

Descriptions399

Order Synxiphosura402

Order Eurypterida403

Literature404

Descriptions404

Subclass Arachnida414

Class Myriopoda417

Class Insecta419

Literature425

A.Palc?ozoic Insects426

Order Pal?odicty-optera426

Order Mixotermitoidea429

Order Protorthoptera429

Order Protoblattoidea431

Order Blattoidea433

Order Hadentomoidea437

Order Protodonata438

Order Magase-coptera439

Order Plectoptera439

B.Mesozoic Insects441

C.Cenozoic or Tertiary Insects442

Thysanura443

Order Lepismoidea443

Pterygogenia443

Order Orthoptera443

Order Phasmoidea444

Order Dermaptera444

Order Thysanoptera444

Order Blattoidea444

Order Isoptera445

Order Coleoptera445

Order Hymenoptera448

Order Odonata449

Order Plectoptera450

Order Rhaphi-dioidea451

Order Neuroptera451

Order Phryganoidea451

Order Lepidoptera452

Order Diptera454

Order Hemiptera455

Order Homoptera456

Phylum Ⅷ. ECHINODERMATA458

Branch Pelmatozoa458

Class Cystoidea458

Literature459

Artificial Key to the Genera459

Descriptions460

Class Blastoidea474

Literature476

Artificial Key to the Genera476

Descriptions477

Class Crinoidea488

Literature493

Artificial Key to theGenera494

Order Ⅰ,Larviformia498

Order Ⅱ,Fistulata500

Order Ⅲ,Camerata515

Order Ⅳ,Flexibilia562

Order Ⅴ,Articulata567

Incert? Sedes569

Branch Asterozoa570

Class 1. Ophiuroidea570

Order Ⅰ,Euryale?570

Order Ⅱ,Ophiure?571

Class 2. Asteroidea571

Subclass Ⅰ,Encrinasteri?571

Subclass Ⅱ,Euasteri?572

Branch Echinozoa572

Class Echinoidea572

Literature575

Key to the Genera576

Subclass Pal?echinoidea578

Order Perischo?chinoida578

Subclass Euechinoidea585

Order Cidaroida585

Order Diadematoida586

Order Holectypoida589

Order Clypeastroida590

Order Spatangoida595

APPENDIX A. SUMMARY OF NORTH AMERICAN STRATIG-RAPHY. TABLES OF GEOLOGICAL FORMATIONS604

GENERAL TABLE OF GEOLOGICAL FORMATIONS604

A.The Pal?zoic Systems605

Ⅰ.The Cambric System605

Ⅱ.The Ordovicic System613

Ⅲ.The Siluric System621

Ⅳ.The Devonic System628

Ⅴ.The Mississippic System633

ⅥandⅦ. The Carbonic and Permic Systems638

B.The Mesozoic Systems649

Ⅷ.The Triassic System649

Ⅸ.The Jurassic System651

Ⅹ.The Comanchic System652

Ⅺ.The Cretacic System653

C.The Cenozoic or Tertiary Systems656

Ⅻ.The Eocenic System656

ⅩⅢ.The Oligocenic System658

ⅩⅣ.The Miocenic System660

ⅩⅤ.The Pliocenic System661

D.The Psychozoic or Quaternary Systems662

ⅩⅥ.The Pleistocenic System662

ⅩⅦ.The Holocenic or Recent System663

APPENDIX B.FAUNAL SUMMARY.TABLES SHOWING THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE SPECIES DESCRIBED664

Ⅰ.Cambric Faunas664

Provinces664

Graptolites665

Brachiopoda665

Pelecypoda665

Gastropoda665

Conularida665

Cephalopoda665

Annelida665

Trilobita666

Phyllopoda666

Ostracoda666

Malacostraca667

Merostomata667

Cystoidea667

Ⅱ.Ordovicic Faunas667

Provinces667

Porifera667

Graptolites667

Hydrocorallines667

Anthozoa667

Bryozoa668

Brachiopoda668

Pelecypoda669

Gastropoda670

Cephalopoda671

Annelida672

Trilobita672

Ostracoda673

Cirripedia673

Malacostraca673

Cystoidea673

Blastoidea673

Crinoidea673

Ⅲ.Siluric Faunas674

Provinces674

Porifera674

Graptolites674

Hydrocorallines674

Anthozoa674

Bryozoa675

Brachiopoda675

Pelecypoda676

Gastropoda676

Conularida676

Cephalopoda676

Annelida677

Trilobita677

Ostracoda677

Cirripedia677

Malacostraca677

Merostomata677

Arachnida677

Cystoidea677

Blastoidea678

Crinoidea678

Ⅳ.Devonic Faunas678

Provinces678

Foraminifera678

Porifera678

Graptolites678

Hydrocorallines679

Anthozoa679

Bryozoa680

Brachiopoda680

Pelecypoda682

Scaphopoda683

Gastropoda683

Conularida684

Pteropoda684

Cephalopoda684

Annelida685

Trilobita685

Phyllopoda686

Ostracoda686

Cirripedia686

Malacostraca686

Merostomata686

Cystoidea686

Blastoidea686

Crinoidea687

Ⅴ.Mississippic Faunas687

Provinces687

Foraminifera687

Anthozoa687

Bryozoa687

Brachiopoda687

Pelecypoda688

Gastropoda688

Conularida689

Cephalopoda689

Annelida689

Trilobita689

Phyllopoda689

Ostracoda689

Malacostraca690

Cystoidea690

Blastoidea690

Crinoidea690

Echinoidea691

Ⅵ.Carbonic Faunas691

Provinces691

Anthozoa691

Bryozoa691

Brachiopoda692

Pelecypoda692

Gastropoda693

Conularida693

Cephalopoda693

Annelida694

Trilobita694

Phyllopoda694

Ostracoda694

Malacostraca694

Merostomata694

Arachnida694

Myriopoda694

Insecta694

Crinoidea695

Echinoidea695

Ⅶ.Permic Faunas695

Provinces695

Bryozoa695

Brachiopoda695

Pelecypoda695

Gastropoda696

Cephalopoda696

Trilobita696

Ostracoda696

Insecta696

Crinoidea696

Echinoidea696

Ⅷ.Triassic Faunas696

Provinces696

Brachiopoda696

Pelecypoda696

Cephalopoda696

Phyllopoda697

Insecta697

Ⅸ.Jurassic Faunas697

Provinces697

Brachiopoda697

Pelecypoda697

Gastropoda697

Cephalopoda697

Ostracoda698

Crinoidea698

Ⅹ.Comanchic Faunas698

Provinces698

Anthozoa698

Brachiopoda698

Pelecypoda698

Gastropoda699

Cephalopoda699

Insecta699

Echinoidea699

Ⅺ.Cretacic Faunas700

Provinces700

Foraminifera700

Bryozoa700

Brachiopoda700

Pelecypoda700

Scaphopoda702

Gastropoda702

Cephalopoda703

Annelida704

Ostracoda704

Cirripedia704

Malacostraca704

Insecta704

Crinoidea704

Echinoidea704

Ⅻ.Eocenic Faunas704

Provinces704

Foraminifera705

Anthozoa705

Bryozoa705

Brachiopoda705

Pelecypoda705

Scaphopoda705

Gastropoda705

Cephalopoda706

Ostracoda706

Malacostraca706

Myriopoda706

Insecta707

Echinoidea707

ⅩⅢ.Oligocenic Faunas707

Provinces707

Foraminifera707

Anthozoa707

Pelecypoda707

Scaphopoda707

Gastropoda707

Malacostraca708

Arachnida708

Insecta708

Echinoidea709

ⅩⅣ.Miocenic Faunas709

Provinces709

Foraminifera709

Anthozoa709

Bryozoa709

Brachiopoda709

Pelecypoda709

Scaphopoda709

Gastropoda710

Annelida711

Ostracoda711

Cirripedia711

Malacostraca711

Insecta711

Echinoidea711

ⅩⅤ.Pliocenic Faunas711

Provinces711

Brachiopoda711

Pelecypoda711

Gastropoda711

Cirripedia712

Malacostraca712

Echinoidea712

ⅩⅥ.Pleistocenic Faunas712

Provinces712

Pelecypoda712

Gastropoda712

Annelida713

Cirripedia713

Malacostraca713

Insecta713

Echinoidea713

APPENDIX C.GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF NORTH AMERICAN INVERTEBRATE INDEX FOSSILS,AND FOSSIL FAUNAS714

Pre-Cambric715

Cambric715

Eastern Canada715

Western Canada717

Hudson's Bay and Arctic Region718

Eastern Massachusetts718

North-ern Appalachians and Western New England718

Southern Appalachians719

Mississippi Valley719

Rocky Mountains and Great Basin720

Pacific Region720

North America,General720

Ordovicic721

Eastern Canada721

Western Canada723

Hudson Bay and Arctic Region723

Northern Appalachian,and western New England723

Southern Appalachians725

Ohio Valley725

Mississippi Valley (western)726

Rocky Mountains and Great Basin*728. Pacific Region728

North America,General728

Siluric728

Eastern Canada,Maine and New Hampshire728

Western Canada729

Hudson Bay and Arctic Region730

New York,Northern Appalachians and western New England730

Southern Appalachians731

Ohio Valley731

Mississippi Valley732

Rocky Mountains and Great Basin733

Pacific Region733

North America,General733

Devonic733

Eastern Canada and Maine733

Western Canada734

Hud-son Bay and Arctic Region735

Northern Appalachians and western New England735

Southern Appalachians738

Ohio Valley739

Mississippi Valley740

Rocky Mountains and Great Basin Region741

Pacific Region741

North America,General741

Mississippic742

Eastern Canada742

Appalachians742

Mississippi Valley742

Rocky Mountain and Great Basin Region746

Pacific746

North America,General746

Carbonic746

Eastern Canada and Eastern New England746

Arctic Region747

Appalachian Region747

Mississippi Valley748

Rocky Mountain and Great Basin Region750

Pacific Region751

Mexico752

North America*General752

Permic752

Eastern Canada752

Appalachian Region752

Mississippi Valley752

Rocky Mountains and Great Basin754

Pacific Region754

North America,General754

Palaeozoic,General754

Eastern Canada and Maine754

Western Canada755

Appalachians and Western New England756

Mississippi Valley756

Rocky Mountains and Great Basin760

Pacific Region760

North America,General761

Triassic762

Eastern Canada762

Western Canada762

Appalachian and Atlantic762

Mississippi Valley and Gulf763

Rocky Mountains and Great Basin763

Pacific Region763

Mexico763

North America,General764

Jurassic764

Western Canada764

Hudson Bay and Arctic Region764

Appalachian and Atlantic764

Mississippi Valley and Gulf764

Rocky Mountains and Great Basin764

Pacific Region765

Mexico765

North America,General765

Comanchic765

Appalachian and Atlantic765

Western Gulf Region766

Rocky Mountains and Great Basin767

Pacific Region767

Mexico768

North America,General768

Cretacic768

Western Canada768

Appalachian and Atlantic769

Mis-sissippi Valley and Gulf770

Rocky Mountains and Great Basin772

Pacific Region774

Mexico775

West Indies776

North America,General776

Mesozoic-General776

Arctic Region776

Appalachian and Atlantic777

Missis-sippi Valley and Gulf777

Rocky Mountain and Great Basin777

Pacific Region778

North America,General779

Cenozoic or Tertiary779

Eastern Canada and Eastern New England779

Western Canada779

Arctic Region779

Appalachian and Atlantic779

Gulf Region782

Northern Mississippi Valley785

Rocky Mountains and Great Basin Region785

Pacific Region786

Mexico and Central America789

West Indies and Bermudas790

North America,General791

Pleistocenic792

Eastern Canada and New England792

Western Canada793

Arctic Region793

Atlantic and Appalachian Region793

Northern Mississippi Valley794

Gulf Region794

Rocky Mountains and Great Basin795

Pacific Region795

Mexico and Central America795

North America,General796

All Systems796

Eastern Canada796

Western Canada796

Arctic Region796

Appalachian and Atlantic796

Northern Mississippi Valley797

Gulf Region798

Rocky Mountains and Great Basin798

Pacific Region800

Mexico and Central America801

North America,General801

APPENDIX D. HINTS FOR COLLECTING AND PREPARING FOSSIL INVERTEBRATES803

A.Outfit for Collecting803

(a)Collecting Bag803

(b)Hammer803

(c)Chisel803

(d)Lens804

(e)Note-book and Pencil804

(f)Colored Pencils804

(g)Labels804

(h)Wrapping Paper and Twine804

(i)Boxes,Cotton Batting,etc804

B.Field Work804

(a)Collecting804

(b)Packing807

C.Laboratory Work808

(1)Numbering and Labelling of Fossils808

(2)Cleaning Fossils808

(a)Mechanical Methods808

Washing Clay for Microscopic Organisms811

(b)Chemical Methods812

(3)Preservation of Fossils813

(4)Making Artificial Casts from Natural Molds814

(5)Preparation of thin Sections816

(6)Coating of Fossils to Bring out Detail and for Photo-graphing818

Literature819

APPENDIX E. GLOSSARY AND GENERAL INDEX820

INDEX OF GENERA,Volumes Ⅰ and Ⅱ858

INDEX OF SPECIES,Volumes Ⅰ and Ⅱ870