《POLICING AND PUNISHING THE DRINKING DRIVER A STUDY OF GENERAL AND SPECIFIC DETERRENCE》求取 ⇩

Chapter 1 Drinking Drivers and the Criminal Justice System1

Ways of Studying Drinking and Driving in the Context of the Criminal Justice System2

Drinking and Driving as Crime6

Who Is the Drinking Driver?11

Summary20

Chapter 2 A Model of the Deterrence Process22

Deterrence Theory and the Deterrence Doctrine22

Deterrence, Human Rationality, and Drinking and Driving31

Measuring Deterrence: Gibbs' "Fundamental Problem"44

Elaborating the Deterrence Model for Random Breath Testing47

Elaboration of the Deterrence Model for the Study of Penalties and Reconviction Rates60

Summary69

Chapter 3 The Evidence for Deterrence71

Perceptual Research72

General Deterrence of the Drinking Driver82

Studies of Penalties and Reconvictions94

Summary104

Chapter 4 Random Breath Testing in Australia105

Trends in Road Safety106

Alcohol Use and Drink-Driving in Australia107

Random Breath Testing109

RBT Boots and All: Tasmania and New South Wales113

Summary124

Chapter 5 The Random Breath Test Study: Research Questions and Method126

The Research Questions126

Method129

Statistical Analysis143

Chapter 6 Results of the Random Breath Test Study147

Descriptive Analysis of the April Data148

The Effects of Police Testing: An Area-Level Analysis154

The Relationship Between Exposure to RBT and Perceptions of the Chances of Being Randomly Tested and Arrested for Drinking and Driving160

Influences on Arrest Certainty: Towards a Parsimonious Model.162

Modifications to Travel and Drinking Behaviors in the April Survey167

Reasons for Not Drinking and Driving: Fear Versus Conscience178

The Longitudinal Study: February and April Compared184

Drink-Driving Between February and April192

Perceptions and Evaluations of Penalty Severity194

Summary of Main Results196

Chapter 7 The Penalties Study: Research Questions and Method201

The Research Questions202

The Design of the Penalties Study203

Relative and Perceived Severity of Penalty207

Environmental Factors213

A Typology of Convicted Offenders214

Chapter 8 Results of the Penalties Study216

Marginal Specific Deterrence: Reconviction Rates and Relative Severity of Penalties216

A Typology of the Convicted Drinking Driver220

Implications of the Penalties Study for the Deterrence Model229

Chapter 9 Implications of the Research233

Review of the Random Breath Text Study233

Review of the Penalties Study247

An Assessment of the Deterrence Model256

Implications for Social Policy262

Conclusion269

References273

Appendix295

Author Index305

Subject Index311

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