《ARBITRATION AND STATE ENTERPRISE》

CHAPTER Ⅰ.THE INSTITUTE OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS LAW AND PRACTICE1

CHAPTER Ⅱ.LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS RESEARCH9

CHAPTER Ⅲ.INTRODUCTION,SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS11

1.Relevance of the Topic11

2.The Research Project and its Use of the Specific Sources of the Institute12

2.1.Approach and Procedure12

2.2.The Meaning of the Term 'State Enterprise'13

3.Practice of State Enterprises regarding Arbitration14

3.1.Legal Restrictions upon Submission to Arbitration14

3.2.The Practice of Submitting to Arbitration17

3.3.The Kind of Arbitration Accepted20

3.4.Practical Problems Experienced21

4.Determination of the Applicable Law23

4.1.The Applicable Procedural Law23

4.2.The Applicable Conflict of Law Rules26

4.3.The Applicable Substantive Law27

4.3.1.Choice of Law by the Contractual Parties27

4.3.2.Relevance of Mandatory or Public Law Rules of National Law30

4.3.3.Eventual Application of International Law31

5.Relevance of Being a Separate Legal Entity34

5.1.The Principle and the Problem34

5.2.Possibilities of Disregarding the Separation from the State35

5.3.Acts of State as Force Majeure for the State Enterprise?37

5.4.Immunity of the State Enterprise?39

5.5.Consequences of Major National Interest against Fulfilment of a Contract40

5.6.Suggested Principles for Lifting the Corporate Veil41

5.6.1.Estoppel - Actual or Apparent Authority of the State43

5.6.2.Functional Identity with the State44

5.6.3.Evasion of Obligations - Abuse of Rights45

5.6.4.Responsibility for Acts of Public Authority46

6.Enforcement of Arbitration Awards against State Enterprises49

6.1.Need for Enforcement in Practice?49

6.2.Eventual Specific Requirements for Enforcement49

7.Suggestions for Improvement51

7.1.Improvements in Contract Practice51

7.2.Suggestions for Arbitration Practice52

7.3.Suggestions for Changes in National Law53

7.4.Suggestions for Changes in International Law53

8.Concluding Comments54

CHAPTER Ⅳ PROCEDURE OF THE RESEARCH57

A.Method57

B.Statistics58

C.Questionnaire I (National Law and Practice)59

D.Questionnaire II (Arbitration Practice)63

CHAPTER Ⅴ.STOCKHOLM SYMPOSIUM65

A.Programme65

B.List of Participants66

CHAPTER Ⅴ.BIBLIOGRAPHY AND COLLECTION OF CASES73

A.Bibliography75

1.Publications dealing with the topic in general75

2.Publications dealing with certain aspects of the topic79

3.Reports and comments on specific national or regional legal systems90

4.Reports and comments on arbitration of specific international institutions96

B.Cases97

1.Arbitration Cases97

2.Decisions of National courts101

3.Cases dealing with certain aspects of the topic106

CHAPTER Ⅶ.DOCUMENTATION OF MATERIAL RECEIVED111

1.Introduction111

2.Contents of Documentation of Material Received111

3.Order Form for Documentation115