《AN INTRODUCTION TO GENETIC ANALYSIS SECOND EDITION》

Introduction1

Genetics in Biology1

Genetics and Human Affairs2

Chapter 1Gene and Organism9

Gene and Environment11

Genotype and Phenotype14

The Norm of Reaction15

Developmental Noise19

Variation Is the Raw Material of Genetic Analysis21

Summary23

Chapter 2Mendelism27

Mendel’s Experiments28

Simple Mendelian Genetics in Humans45

Simple Mendelian Genetics in Agriculture48

The Origin of Variants51

Genetic Dissection52

Summary53

Problems54

Chapter 3Chromosome Theory of Inheritance63

Mitosis and Meiosis63

The Chromosome Theory of Heredity68

Sex Chromosomes in Other Species82

The Chromosome Theory in Review86

Mendelian Genetics in Less Familiar Sexual Cycles88

Summary96

Problems97

Chapter 4Extensions to Mendelian Analysis103

Variations on Dominance Relations104

Multiple Alleles107

Lethal Genes113

Several Genes Affecting the Same Character116

Penetrance and Expressivity122

Summary125

Problems126

Chapter 5Linkage135

The Discovery of Linkage135

Recombination140

Linkage Symbolism144

Linkage of Genes on the X Chromosome144

Linkage Maps145

Three-Point Testcross for Linkage Detection148

Double Crossovers152

The x2 Test158

Early Thoughts on the Nature of Crossing Over161

Linkage Mapping by Recombination in Humans167

Summary169

Problems169

Chapter 6Advanced Transmission Genetics177

Mapping Functions177

Tetrad Analysis184

Mitotic Segregation and Recombination199

Mapping Human Chromosomes205

Summary210

Problems210

Chapter 7Gene Mutation219

Somatic Versus Germinal Mutation220

Types of Mutations222

The Usefulness of Mutations226

Mutation Detection Systems226

Selective Systems229

Mutation Induction by Mutagens242

The Mutant Hunt245

Mutation Breeding247

Summary250

Problems250

Chapter 8Chromosome Mutation255

Cytological Properties of Chromosomes256

Changes in Chromosome Structure260

Changes in Chromosome Number284

Chromosome Mechanics in Plant Breeding302

Summary304

Problems305

Chapter 9Recombination in Bacteria and Their Viruses317

Bacterial Conjugation318

Bacterial Transformation339

Phage Genetics343

Transduction356

Summary362

Problems363

Chapter 10The Nature of the Gene371

Position Effect373

Intragenic Recombination373

Intragenic Complementation380

How Genes Work385

Gene-Protein Relations395

Temperature-Sensitive Alleles410

Genetic Dissection of Genes411

Summary411

Problems412

Chapter 11DNA Structure425

The Structure of DNA426

Replication of DNA434

DNA and the Gene452

The Genetic Code455

Alternative DNA Models461

Summary462

Problems463

Chapter 12DNA Function467

Transcription468

Translation472

Cracking the Code480

Summary492

Problems493

Chapter 13Manipulation of DNA501

The Power of Base Complementarity502

Genetic Engineering526

Summary549

Problems550

Chapter 14The Structure and Function of Chromosomes555

Constitutive Heterochromatin556

Facultative Heterochromatin563

Eukaryote Gene Function and Organization572

Genes with Related Functions585

Summary656

Problems656

Chapter 15Organelle Genes615

Variegation in Leaves of Higher Plants618

Poky Neurospora622

The Heterokaryon Test624

Shell Coiling in Snails: A Red Herring624

Extranuclear Genes in Chlamydomonas626

Extranuclear Genes in Bakers’ Yeast637

How Many Copies?653

Other Examples of Extranuclear Inheritance653

Summary656

Problems656

Chapter 16Mechanisms of Genetic Change663

Gene Mutation664

Recombination690

Transposable Genetic Elements703

Summary720

Problems721

Chapter 17Developmental Genetics727

Development as a Regulated Process727

Differentiation and Variable Gene Activity741

Immunogenetics: The Immune System as a Developmental Model762

Developmental Genetics of Drosophila775

Summary797

Problems798

Chapter 18Quantitative Genetics807

Some Basic Statistical Notions809

Genotypes and Phenotypic Distribution818

Norm of Reaction and Phenotypic Distribution821

The Heritability of a Trait823

Determining Norms of Reaction826

Quantifying Heritability831

Counting and Locating the Genes837

Gene Action840

More on Analyzing Variance840

Summary847

Problems848

Chapter 19Population Genetics853

Darwin’s Revolution854

Variation and Its Modulation855

The Sources of Variation867

The Effect of Sexual Reproduction on Variation873

Selection881

Balanced Polymorphism891

Multiple Adaptive Peaks894

Artificial Selection897

Random Events899

A Synthesis of Forces901

The Origin of Species905

Summary906

Problems908

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