《The Nature Of Prejudice》求取 ⇩
作者 | Gordon W.Allport 编者 |
---|---|
出版 | Dorbleday Anchor Books |
参考页数 | 496 ✅ 真实服务 非骗流量 ❤️ |
出版时间 | 1958(求助前请核对) 目录预览 |
ISBN号 | 无 — 违规投诉 / 求助条款 |
PDF编号 | 813501248(学习资料 勿作它用) |
求助格式 | 扫描PDF(若分多册发行,每次仅能受理1册) |
PART Ⅰ.PREFERENTIAL THINKING1
CHAPTER 1.What Is the Problem?3
Two Cases4
Definition6
Is Prejudice a Value Concept?10
Functional Significance12
Attitudes and Beliefs12
Acting Out Prejudice14
Notes and References16
CHAPTER 2.The Normality of Prejudgment17
The Separation of Human Groups17
The Process of Categorization19
When Categories Conflict with Evidence22
Personal Values as Categories24
Personal Values and Prejudice24
Summary26
Notes and References27
CHAPTER 3.Formation of In-groups28
What Is an In-group?30
Sex as an In-group31
The Shifting Nature of In-groups33
In-groups and Reference Groups35
Social Distance37
The Group-Norm Theory of Prejudice38
Can There Be an In-group without an Out-group?40
Can Humanity Constitute an In-group?41
Notes and References45
CHAPTER 4.Rejection of Out-groups47
Verbal Rejection48
Discrimination50
Conditions of Physical Attack56
Riots and Lynching59
The Essential Role of Rumor61
Notes and References63
CHAPTER 5.Patterning and Extent of Prejudice66
Prejudice as a Generalized Attitude66
What Imperfect Correlations Mean71
How Widespread Is Prejudice?72
Demographic Variations in Prejudice77
Notes and References78
PART Ⅱ.GROUP DIFFERENCES81
CHAPTER 6.The Scientific Study of Group Differences83
Would Differences,If Discovered,Justify Rejection?85
The Well-Deserved Reputation Theory85
Methods of Studying Group Differences86
Types and Degrees of Differences93
The Interpretation of Differences103
Notes and References105
CHAPTER 7.Racial and Ethnic Differences106
Why Race Is Emphasized106
True Racial Differences109
Cultural Relativity113
National Character115
Who Are the Jews?116
Conclusions123
Notes and References124
CHAPTER 8.Visibility and Strangeness127
The Young Child128
Visible Differences Imply Real Differences129
Degrees of Visibility131
The Condensation of Attitudes around Visible Cues133
Sensory Aversion134
Discussion136
Notes and References137
CHAPTER 9.Traits Due to Victimization138
Ego Defenses139
Obsessive Concern140
Denial of Membership142
Withdrawal and Passivity143
Clowning144
Strengthening In-group Ties145
Slyness and Cunning146
Identification with Dominant Group:Self-hate147
Aggression against Own Group148
Prejudice against Out-groups149
Sympathy150
Fighting Back:Militancy151
Enhanced Striving152
Symbolic Status Striving153
Neuroticism154
The Self-fulfilling Prophecy155
Summary156
Notes and References157
PART Ⅲ.PERCEIVING AND THINKING ABOUT GROUP DIFFERENCES159
CHAPTER 10.The Cognitive Process161
Selection,Accentuation,Interpretation161
Directed and Autistic Thinking163
Cause and Effect Thinking165
The Nature of Categories166
The Principle of Least Effort169
The Dynamics of Cognition in the Prejudiced Personality170
Conclusions171
Notes and References173
CHAPTER 11.Linguistic Factors174
Nouns That Cut Slices174
Emotionally Toned Labels177
The Communist Label179
Verbal Realism and Symbol Phobia182
Notes and References183
CHAPTER 12.Stereotypes in Our Culture184
Stereotypes versus Group Traits185
Stereotype Defined187
Stereotypes concerning the Jew188
Stereotypes concerning the Negro192
Comparison of Jewish and Negro stereotypes194
Mass Media and Stereotypes195
Stereotypes Change in Time196
Notes and References199
CHAPTER 13.Theories of Prejudice201
Historical Emphasis204
Sociocultural Emphasis206
Situational Emphasis208
Psychodynamic Emphasis209
Phenomenological Emphasis210
Emphasis on Earned Reputation211
Final Word212
Notes and References212
PART Ⅳ.SOCIOCULTURAL FACTORS213
CHAPTER 14.Social Structure and Cultural Pattern215
Heterogeneity216
Vertical Mobility216
Rapid Social Change218
Ignorance and Barriers to Communication219
Size and Density of Minority Groups220
Direct Competition and Realistic Conflict222
Exploitative Advantage226
Social Regulation of Aggression228
Cultural Devices to Ensure Loyalty229
Cultural Pluralism vs.Assimilation231
Summary233
Notes and References233
CHAPTER 15.Choice of Scapegoats235
Meaning of Scapegoat236
Historical Method238
Direct Projection364
The Mote-Beam Mechanism366
Complementary Projection367
Conclusion367
Notes and References368
PART Ⅶ.CHARACTER STRUCTURE369
CHAPTER 25.The Prejudiced Personality371
Methods of Study371
Functional Prejudice372
Ambivalence toward Parents374
Moralism374
Dichotomization376
Need for Definiteness376
Externalization379
Institutionalism380
Authoritarianism382
Discussion383
Notes and References384
CHAPTER 26.Demagogy385
Sample Materials385
The Program of the Demagogue389
The Followers392
The Demagogue as a Person393
Paranoid Bigotry394
Notes and References397
CHAPTER 27.The Tolerant Personality398
Early Life399
Varieties of Tolerance401
Militant and Pacifistic Tolerance402
Liberalism and Radicalism403
Education404
Empathic Ability407
Self-insight408
Tolerance for Ambiguity409
Philosophy of Life410
Notes and References411
CHAPTER 28.Religion and Prejudice413
Realistic Conflict413
Divisive Factors in Religion415
Do Religious Groups Differ in Prejudice?418
Two Kinds of Religiosity420
The Case of Simon Peter422
Religion and Character Structure424
Notes and References425
PART Ⅷ.REDUCING GROUP TENSIONS427
CHAPTER 29.Ought There to be a Law?429
A Brief History of Legislation430
Types of Legislation432
Does Legislation Affect Prejudice?437
Legislation and Social Science440
Summary442
Notes and References442
CHAPTER 30.Evaluation of Programs444
The Research Approach446
Formal Educational Programs448
Contact and Acquaintance Programs453
Group Retraining455
Mass Media456
Exhortation458
Individual Therapy459
Catharsis460
Notes and References461
CHAPTER 31.Limitations and Horizons463
Special Obstacles464
The Social System465
Positive Principles468
Imperatives of Intercultural Education472
Final Word on Theory476
Final Word on Values477
Notes and References480
Index of Names481
Index of Subjects486
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