《A MANUAL OF ELEMENTARY LAW》求取 ⇩

PART 1. Elementary Jurisprudence.1

CHAPTER Ⅰ. NATURE OF LAW AND THE VARIOUS SYSTEMS.1

1-2. Law in General1

3-5. Laws of Human Action-Sanction2

6. Moral Law4

7. Divine Law5

8. Municipal or Positive Law5

9-11. International Law7

12-13. Maritime Law10

14. Martial Law13

CHAPTER Ⅱ. GOVERNMENT AND ITS FUNCTIONS.14

15. The State14

16-19. Sovereignty15

20. The Constitution17

21. The Government and Its Relation to Its Subjects18

22. The Functions of Government19

23. The Forms of Government20

24. Confederation of States23

25. The Modern Federal State23

26. The Branches of Government24

CHAPTER Ⅲ. GOVERNMENT IN THE UNITED STATES.26

27. General Character of the United States Government26

28. The Colonial Government27

29. Revolutionary Government and Articles of Confed-eratlon28

30-31. The United States Constitution29

32. Relation of the State and Federal Governments31

33. Sovereignty in the United States32

34. Distribution of Powers in the Federal Government33

35. The State Governments35

36. Local Self-Government38

87-39. Citizenship and Naturalization41

CHAPTER Ⅳ. THE UNWRITTEN LAW.43

40-41. In General43

42-45. The Roman Law—Codification45

46. The Common Law47

47-48. Customs—Stare Decisis48

49-51. Its Development—Fictions—Equity50

52. The Law Merchant52

53. The Canon Law53

54-56. Unwritten Law in America53

CHAPTER Ⅴ. EQUITY.56

57-59. Equity Courts and Their General Jurisdiction56

60-62. Specific Character of Equity Jurisdiction60

63-75. The Maxims of Equity61

CHAPTER Ⅵ. THE WRITTEN LAW.64

76-79. In General—Statutes64

80. Relation to the Unwritten Law66

81-83. Statutes—How Enacted67

84. Constitutionality69

85-87. Affirmative and Negative70

88-90. Declaratory and Remedial71

91-93. Public and Private71-72

94-96. General and Local72

97-99. Mandatory and Directory73

100-102. Prospective and Retrospective74

CHAPTER Ⅶ. THE AUTHORITIES AND THEIR INTERPRETATION.75

103. The Rank of the Various Authorities75

104-109. General Rules for the Interpretation of Laws76

110-119. Rules for the Construction of Statutes78

120-122. The Interpretation of Cases79

CHAPTER Ⅷ. PERSONS AND PERSONAL RIGHTS.82

123-125. Legal Rights, Wrongs, and Remedies82

126-128. Rights in Rem and Rights in Personam84

129-131. Persons, Natural and Artificial； Status86

132. The Fundamental Rights in Rem89

133-134. The Right of Personal Security89

135. The Right of Personal Liberty91

136. The Right of Private Property92

137-138. Constitutional Guaranties of the FundamentalRights92

CHAPTER Ⅸ.PROPERTY.95

139-140.Property in General95

141-144.Historical Phases of Property96

145-147. The Feudal System97

148-150.Ownership and Possession101

151-156.Limitations on Ownership101

157-159. Corporeal and Incorporeal Property105

160-163. Real and Personal Property106

164.Fixtures108

CHAPTER Ⅹ.CLASSIFICATION OF THE LAW.110

165-166.Substantive and Adjective Law110

167-168.Public and Private Law111

169-172. Subdivisions of Public Substantive Law112

173-176. Subdivisions of Private Substantive Law113

177.Public Adjective Law117

178.Private Adjective Law118

PART 2.The Substantive Law.123

CHAPTER ⅩⅠ.CONSTITUTIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE LAW.123

179.Written and Unwritten Constitutions123

180-182.Illustrations124

183-189.The Construction of Constitutions126

190-191.The Essentials of a Written Constitution129

192-193.Administrative Law131

CHAPTER ⅩⅡ.CRIMINAL LAW.132

194-195. Nature of Crime and the Criminal Law132

196.Criminal Incapacity134

197-200. Classification of Crimes136

201. Common-Law Felonies137

202.Modes of Punishment140

CHAPTER ⅩⅢ. THE LAW OF DOMESTIC RELATIONS.142

203. Marriage in General142

204.Impediments144

205.The Contract of Marriage146

206-207.The Marriage Relation and Its Incidents147

208.The Married Women’s Acts148

209-210. The Termination of the Relation149

211-213. Parent and Child—Legitimacy150

214-215. The Disability of Infants150

216-217. The Duties of Parents152

218. The Rights of Parents153

219. Emancipation153

220. Guardian and Ward154

221-223. Rights and Duties of Guardians155

224. The Termination of the Relation155

225-226. Master and Servant156

227. The Termination of the Relation157

CHAPTER ⅩⅣ. CORPOREAL AND INCORPOREAL HEREDITAMENTS.158

228-229. Corporeal Hereditaments158

230-240. Incorporeal Hereditaments at Common Law160

241-244. Incorporeal Hereditaments in the United States166

CHAPTER ⅩⅤ. ESTATES IN REAL PROPERTY.170

245-246. Estates in Generl-Tenants170

247. Classification of Estates171

248-250. Estates in Possession and in Expectancy172

251-256. Classification of Expectant Estates-Remainders172

257-258. Estates in Reversion and Executory Interests175

259-261. Freeholds and Estates Less than Freehold176

262-264. Freeholds of Inheritance and Not of Inheritance178

265-274. Classification of Estates for Life180

275-279. Estates Less than Freehold183

280-285. Estates in Severalty, in Joint Tenancy, and in Com-mon185

286-292. Absolute and Conditional Estates187

293-297. Equitable Estates-Uses and Trusts190

CHAPTER ⅩⅥ. TITLES TO REAL PROPERTY.193

298. Titles in General193

299-300. Title by Descent and Title by Purchase194

301-304. Classification of Titles by Purchase195

305. Title by Escheat196

306. Title by Accretion196

307. Title by Abandonment197

308. Title by Forfeiture197

309. Title by Prescription197

310. Title by Adverse Possession198

311. Title by Marriage198

312-316. Title by Alienation—By Execution198

317. Title by Judicial Decree199

318. Title by Eminent Domain200

319. Tax Titles200

320-322. Title by Devise and Title by Grant201

323. Title by Grant201

324. Public Grant201

325-327. Private Grant203

328-333. Classification of Deeds—Common-Law Deeds203

334-335. Deeds in the United States206

CHAPTER ⅩⅦ. PERSONAL PROPERTY.207

336-339. Chattels； Real and Personal207

340-342. Choses and Their Classification208

343-344. Corporeal and Incorporeal Personal Property……208

345-346. The Ownership of Personal Property210

347-351. Titles to Personal Property and Their General Classification212

352-355. Title by Original Acquisition-Occupancy, Acces-sion, and Creation213

356-359. Title by Operation of Law—Forfeiture, Succession,and Marriage215

360-363. Title by Legal Process—Prerogative, Execution,and Judicial Decree216

364. Title by Act of Parties217

365-368. Title by Gift217

369-369a. Title by Testament and by Contract218

CHAPTER ⅩⅧ. SUCCESSION AFTER DEATH.219

370-373. Succession in General219

374-375. Testate Succession—Wills221

376-377. Intestate Succession—Descent and Distribution222

378. Escheat223

379-380. Executors and Administrators223

CHAPTER ⅩⅨ. CONTRACTS.225

381. Deflnition of Contract225

382-383. Agreement227

384. Requisites of Enforceability229

385. How Enforced231

386-389. Classification of Contracts231

390. Quasi Contract234

CHAPTER ⅩⅩ. SPECIAL CONTRACTS.235

391-392. Contracts of Sale-Their Nature and Requisites235

393-394. The Statute of Frauds236

395-396.Executory and Executed237

397-398. Bailments—Their General Nature238

399-400.Classification239

401.Liability of the Bailee240

402-405.Exceptional Bailees241

406. Innkeepers and Common Carriers242

407-408. Negotiable Contracts243

409-411. Bills of Exchange244

410-413. Promissory Notes245

414. Words of Negotiability246

415-416. Methods of Transfer246

417-418. Contract of Suretyship247

419. The Statute of Frauds247

420. Discharge of the Surety248

421. Indemnity249

422-424. Contract of Insurance249

425. Insurable Interest250

CHAPTER ⅩⅩⅠ. AGENCY.252

426. The Relation in General252

427-428. The Parties to the Relation254

429. Unlawful Agencies255

430. The Creation of the Relation256

431-432. Ratification257

433. Termination of the Relation258

CHAPTER ⅩⅩⅡ. COMMERCIAL ASSOCIATIONS.259

434. Partnerships-Their General Nature259

435-436. Rights and Liabilities of Partners260

437. How Formed—Partnership by Estoppel261

438. Mutual Agency262

439-440. Limited Partnerships262

441. Partnership Associations Limited263

442-443. Voluntary Associations264

444. Joint-Stock Companies264

445-446. Corporations—Public and Private265

447. How Created266

448. Board of Directors267

449. Rights of Stockholders267

450. Liabilities of Stockholders268

451. Limitations of Existence268

CHAPTER ⅩⅩⅢ. TORTS.269

452. The Nature of a Tort269

453. The Elements of a Tort271

454. Proximate and Remote Cause272

455. Classification of Torts272

456. Negligence273

457. Nuisance274

458. Conspiracy274

459. Assault and Battery275

460. Defamation275

461. Malicious Prosecution276

462. False Imprisonment276

463-464. Trespass277

465. Conversion277

466. Deceit278

467. Infringement278

468. Violation of Easements278

469. Seduction279

470. Malicious Interference with Contract279

CHAPTER ⅩⅩⅣ. REMEDIES.284

471. Scope of the Adjective Law284

472-473. Remedies-Extralegal and Legal284

474-475. Extralegal Remedies-Self-Defense285

476. Recaption or Reprisal286

477. Entry287

478. Abatement of Nuisances287

479. Distress287

480. Accord and Satisfaction288

481-482. Arbitration and Award288

483. Legal Remedies—Penal and Civil289

484. Civil Remedies—Common-Law and Equitable289

485-486. Ordinary Common-Law Remedies—Restoration290

487-491. Damages291

492-493. Extraordinary Common-Law Remedies—Mandamus292

494. Quo Warranto293

495. Prohibition293

496. Habeas Corpus294

497-498. Equitable Remedies—Injunction294

499. Specific Performance295

500-502. Re-execution, Correction, and Rescission296

503. Control of Trusts296

504. Foreclosure of Mortgages297

505. Quieting Title297

506. Partition298

507. Receivers298

508-509. Accounting298

510. Ne Exeat299

511-512. Discovery299

513. Perpetuation of Testimony300

514. Enforcement of Awards and Judgments300

515. Interpleader300

CHAPTER ⅩⅩⅤ.COURTS AND THEIR JURISDICTION.302

516. Courts in General302

517. Courts of Record, and Not of Record303

518-519. Jurisdiction—Original and Appellate303

520. General and Limited304

521. Exclusive and Concurrent304

522. Courts of England before 1873-Courts of Original Jurisdiction305

523. Courts of Intermediate Appeal307

524. Courts of Final Appeal307

525-527. Courts of England since 1873308

528. Courts of the United States-Federal Courts309

529. State Courts312

CHAPTER ⅩⅩⅥ.PROCEDURE.313

530-531. Procedure in General313

532. The Essentials of Procedure314

533-539. Common-Law Procedure-Forms of Action315

540. Common-Law Procedure-Outline318

541. Equity Procedure-Outline320

542. Code Procedure-Outline322

543. Criminal Procedure-Outline323

CHAPTER ⅩⅩⅦ.TRIALS.326

544-546. Early Forms of Trial326

547-548. Trial Procedure-Outline327

549-550. Evidence330