《Lectures on The Liver and Its Diseases》

CHAPTER ⅠTHE TYPES OF LIVER INJURY AND THEIR STRUCTURAL CONSEQUENCES1

INTRODUCTORY1

NECROSIS OF THE LIVER3

REGENERATION FOLLOWING INJURY8

FIBROSIS AFTER INJURY9

SPLENOMEGALY AS A CONSEQUENCE OF LIVER INJURY14

INJURIES CONSEQUENT UPON DEGENERATION15

INJURIES CONSEQUENT UPON INFLAMMATION16

FACTORS PRODUCING LIVER DAMAGE17

CHAPTER ⅡTHE VASCULAR FACTOR IN LIVER INJURY19

THE VASCULAR ANATOMY OF THE LIVER19

OBSTRUCTION OF THE HEPATIC VESSELS20

Portal vein20

Hepatic artery23

Hepatic veins24

LOCAL VARIATIONS IN THE INTRAHEPATIC CIRCULATION26

Stream-line effects in the portal vein26

CHANGES IN THE INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE PARENCHYMA DUE TO CIRCULATORY OBSTRUCTION29

Anoxia29

Deprivation of components of the portal blood30

Severe and mild deprivations31

DERANGEMENTS OF THE CIRCULATION IN THE DISEASED LIVER AND THEIR CONSEQUENCES31

Centrilobular and periportal zonal necrosis32

Focal and midzonal necrosis36

Massive hepatic necrosis37

Infiltrations of the liver40

Fibrosis43

RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF CIRCULATORY FACTORS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF HEPATIC LESIONS44

CHAPTER ⅢNUTRITIONAL FACTORS IN LIVER INJURY：EXPERIMENTAL48

TYPES OF DIETETIC INJURY48

CLINICAL FEATURES OF THE TWO TYPES OF DIETETIC INJURY49

Massive hepatic necrosis and its sequelae49

Diffuse hepatic fibrosis50

PATHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF DIETETIC LIVER INJURY51

Massive hepatic necrosis and its sequelae51

Diffuse hepatic fibrosis54

CHEMICAL PATHOLOGY OF DIETETIC INJURY56

Massive hepatic necrosis56

Diffuse hepatic fibrosis58

PATHOGENESIS OF DIETETIC MASSIVE HEPATIC NECROSIS59

Dietary factors responsible59

Production of dietetic massive necrosis63

Sulphur metabolism and hepatic necrosis65

PATHOGENESIS OF DIFFUSE HEPATIC FIBROSIS66

Dietary factors responsible66

Production of diffuse hepatic fibrosis68

MIXED LESIONS69

PARTIAL LESIONS70

＇SUBACUTE＇(RECURRENT LIMITED) MASSIVE NECROSIS71

EFFECT OF GROWTH IN PRECIPITATING NUTRITIONAL INJURY73

POSSIBLE RELATION BETWEEN MASSIVE NECROSIS AND DIFFUSE HEPATIC FIBROSIS PRODUCED BY DIET74

CHAPTER ⅣNUTRITIONAL FACTORS IN LIVER INJURY：HUMAN78

PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS IN MAN RESEMBLING THE LESIONS OF EXPERIMENTAL DIETETIC INJURY78

Massive hepatic necrosis78

Post-necrotic scarring of the liver78

Diffuse hepatic fibrosis82

Hepatic fibroses in general84

DIETETIC FACTORS AS POSSIBLE CAUSATIVE AGENTS IN HUMAN DISEASES OF THE LIVER87

Massive hepatic necrosis，post-necrotic scarring，and primary cancer of the liver in the tropics87

Diffuse hepatic fibrosis in the tropics89

＇Alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver＇94

SECONDARY NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY AS A CAUSE OF LIVER DISEASE97

Pregnancy97

Thyrotoxicosis98

Amino-aciduria98

METABOLIC DISORDERS PRODUCING DIFFUSE HEPATIC FIBROSIS101

CHAPTER ⅤNOXIOUS FACTORS CAUSING LIVER INJURY105

EXPERIMENTAL HEPATIC NECROSES ASSOCIATED WITH POISONING105

Immediate necrosis106

Comparison of immediate necrosis due to poisoning with dietetic necrosis106

Delayed necrosis108

FACTORS MODIFYING EXPERIMENTAL IMMEDIATE HEPATIC NECROSIS DUE TO POISONING110

Dosage110

Nutrient factors110

PATHOGENESIS AND CLASSIFICATION OF HEPATIC NECROSES IN GENERAL113

HEPATIC LESIONS IN MAN ASSOCIATED WITH NOXIOUS AGENTS115

Toxipathic hepatitis115

Delayed massive hepatic necrosis after exposure to poisons118

Trophopathic hepatitis as a complication of toxipathic hepatitis118

CHAPTER ⅥTHE SYNDROMES OF HEPATIC FAILURE126

EXCRETORY FAILURE126

PORTAL OBSTRUCTION130

Ascites and oedema131

ENLARGEMENT OF THE LIVER137

HEPATIC PAIN138

PARENCHYMAL FAILURE140

Acute141

Chronic141

Extreme143

LIVER FUNCTION TESTS146

PUNCTURE BIOPSY OF THE LIVER147

CHAPTER ⅦTHE CLINICAL CLASSIFICATION OF LIVER DISEASE150

GENERAL150

CHAPTER ⅧINFILTRATIONS OF THE LIVER AND POST-INFILTRATIVE FIBROSIS152

CLASSIFICATION AND GENERAL FEATURES152

INTRINSIC INFILTRATIONS153

Fatty153

Glycogen155

EXTRINSIC INFILTRATIONS155

Lipoidoses155

Reticuloses157

Amyloid157

POST-INFILTRATIVE FIBROSIS158

CHAPTER ⅨPARENCHYMATOUS HEPATITIS160

ACUTE PARENCHYMATOUS HEPATITIS160

Zonal162

Massive167

SUBACUTE MASSIVE HEPATITIS169

CHRONIC HEPATITIS173

Post-necrotic scarring(Chronic massive hepatitis)174

Diffuse hepatic fibrosis176

HEPATIC FIBROSIS OF DOUBTFUL AETIOLOGY177

CLINICAL SEQUENCES IN PARENCHYMATOUS HEPATITIS179

DIETETIC TREATMENT OF HEPATITIS180

CHAPTER ⅩCHOLANGIO-HEPATITIS，OBSTRUCTION TO THE BILE DUCTS，AND BILIARY DIFFUSE HEPATIC FIBROSIS185

INTRODUCTORY185

PATHOLOGY OF CHOLANGIO-HEPATITIS186

AETIOLOGY OF CHOLANGIO-HEPATITIS189

CLINICAL TYPES OF CHOLANGIO-HEPATITIS189

Subacute190

Acute suppurative193

Intermittent acute194

Mild196

Chronic(Diffuse biliary hepatic fibrosis)198

HANOT＇S ＇HYPERTROPHIC BILIARY CIRRHOSIS＇199

＇CHOLANGITIS LENTA＇201

GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS202

CHAPTER ⅪCIRCULATORY DISORDERS；FOCAL LESIONS；AND CANCER OF THE LIVER204

CIRCULATORY DISORDERS204

VASCULAR OCCLUSION204

Thrombosis of the portal vein204

Occlusion of the hepatic artery205

Occlusion of the hepatic veins205

CARDIAC FAILURE AND LIVER DISEASE206

THYROTOXICOSIS207

FOCAL LESIONS208

Suppurative pyelophlebitis209

CANCER OF THE LIVER209

Primary carcinoma209

Secondary cancer210

CHAPTER Ⅻ214

CONCLUSIONS214

INDEX216