《STATISTICAL METHODS FOR ENGINEERS》

1INTRODUCTORY：TERMINOLOGY AND SYMBOLS1

2PRESENTING THE DATA：COUNTING：TABLES：DIAGRAMS5

3THE POPULATION AND ITS DISTRIBUTION17

4PARAMETERS AS MEASURES OF LOCATION23

5THE STANDARD DEVIATION AND ITS ESTIMATE FROM THE SAMPL29

6SIGNIFICANCE38

7THE PRINCIPLES OF THE TESTS OF SIGNIFICANCE41

8THE t TEST44

9THE ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE52

10REGRESSION64

11CORRELATION88

12THE χ2 TEST FOR GOODNESS OF FIT90

13THE POISSON SERIES102

14THE EXPONENTIAL DISTRIBUTION110

15SAMPLING116

16DERIVATION OF THE ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS124

TABLES128

BIBLIOGRAPHY140

ANSWERS TO EXAMPLES141

INDEX143

Ⅰ TABLES IN THE MAIN TEXT9

1TIMINGS oF VEHICLE SPEEDS9

2 CALCULATION OF THE MEAN：FUEL CONSUMPTION OF LORRIES25

3 CALCULATION OF THE MEAN：VEHICLE SPEEDS26

4 PARAMETERS OF THE POPULATION AND THEIR ESTIMATES FROMA SAMPLE31

5 CALCULATION OF SUM OF SQUARES AND MEAN SQUARE：FUEL CONSUMPTION OF LORRIES33

6 CALCULATION OF SUM OF SQUARES AND MEAN SQUARE： VEHICLE SPEEDS35

7 ROAD DEATHS IN A CITY39

8 THE t TEST： ROAD DEATHS IN A CITY46

9 THE t TEST： TIMINNGS OF VEHICLE SPEEDS48

9a THE t TEST： MODIFIED ANALYSIS OF TABLE950

10 PRINCIPLES OF THE ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE54

11 ANALYSIS OF VARLANCE：TIMINGS OF VEHICLE SPEEDS57

12 ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE：SUBDIVISION OF THE SCATTER BETWEENARRAYS INTO THE SCATTER BETWEEN AND WITHIN FAMILIES59

13 ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE：TENSILE TESTS OF CEMENT/SAND BRIQUETTES60

14 REGRESSION：ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE TABLE FOR TESTING THESIGNIFICANCE OF b69

15 REGRESSION：ACCIDENTAL DEATHS IN ENGLAND AND WALES 1946-4971

16 REGRESSION：IMPACT TESTS ON NOTCHED STEEL SPECIMENS76

17 REGRESSION：LATERAL RATIO ON CURVES AGAINST THE LOGARITHM OF ITS RATE OF CHANGE FOR ENTRANCE TRANSITIONS80

18 MULTIPLE REGRESSION： ROAD DEATHS AGAINST POPULATION， NO. OF MOTOR VEHICLES， AND LENGTH OF ROADS FOR COUNTRIES IN EUROPE IN195583

19 THEχ2TEST：BIAS OF DICE91

20 THEχ2TEST：BEFORE-AND-AFTER TESIING AT A SINGLE SITE92

21 THEχ2TEST：ACCIDENTS BEFORE AND AFTER THE IMPOSITION OF A SPEED LIMIT93

22 THEχ2TEST：ACCIDENTS IN A COUNTY FOR ONE YEAR BEFORE AND ONE YEAR AFTER THE IMPOSITION OF THE 30 MILES/H SPEED LIMIT IN193594

22 aTHEχ2TEST：ANALYSIS OF TABLE2295

23 THEχ2TEST：BEFORE-AND-AFTER ANALYSIS OF ACCIDENTS ON RECONSTRUCTED LENGTHS OF ROADS98

24 THE PoISSON SERIES：TRAFFIC COUNT ON LENGTH OF ROAD103

25 THE POISSON SERIES：TRAFFIC COUNT AT A JUNCTION108

26 THE EXPONENTIAL DISTRIBUTION：INTERVALS OF TIME BETWEEN VEHICLES PASSING112

27 THE EXPONENTIAL DISTRIBUTION： INTERVALS OF TIME BETWEEN VEHICLES PASSING (LOGARITHMIC GROUPING）114

Ⅱ TABLES AT THE END OF THE BOOK128

AGROUPED VALUES OF z IN THE EQUATION z＝[1/2 loge P—loge（1—P）]128

B VALUES OF —loge（i/j) IN EQUATION 46 FOR GROUPING IN THE EXPONENTIAL DISTRIBUTION129

C APPROXIMATE SIZE OF SAMPLE FOR 95 % CONFIDENCE THAT AN ESTIMATE OF A PROPORTION P IS ACCURATE TO WTIIHIN 1OOε%130

D VALUES OF e-m131

E THE NORMAL DEVIATE C134

F VALUES OF t135

G1， G2， G3 VARIANCE RATIO （FOR THREE LEVELS OF SIGNICANCE）136

H VALUES OF χ2139