《THE APARTHEID STATE IN CRISIS POLITICAL TRANSFORMATION IN SOUTH AFRICA 1975-1990》

Introduction3

Political Change and the South African State5

1 backdrop: The Securing of White Supremacy132

Apartheid as Ends and Means13

Apartheid: The Achievement23

2 Cracks in the Monolith28

Economic Change and apartheid29

A Transformed Refional Political Landscape38

The Revival of Black Militancy46

The Post-Soweto International Environment62

Apartheid: the Crumbling Foundation71

3 Confronting Contradictions79

Officialdom’s Response to Crises79

A total Strategy for Maintaining White Supremacy85

Summary97

4 Change and Continuity: Pretoria’s Reform Program99

The Reform Program101

Summary145

5 From Reform to Insurrection152

Reform and Alienation153

Reform Mobilization and Organization159

Political Tremors182

Summary184

6 Chaos and Transformation: The Insurrectionary Process190

The Insurrection of 1984-86192

Summary: From Protest to Challenge215

7 International Reaction and Domestic Realignment220

A Sanctions Environment220

White Political Cohesion236

Summary245

8 Pretoria’s response: From Autarky and Counter-Revolution to Negotiations249

Altering Course251

Repression+ Inward Industrialization: The Result265

Into the 1990s278

9 An End to White Supremacy?285

From Transformation to transition285

Negotiations: The Stakes286

Negotiations: The Positions288

Conclusion: The Dynamics of Political Change296

Index303