《RESPONSES TO ECONOMIC CHANGE》求取 ⇩

1. Resources and Economic Development in Historical Perspective1

Introduction1

Long-Term Relationship between Population and the Standard of Living3

Resource Abundance and North American Growth8

Organized Concern for Conservation16

Resource Use Projections over a Century of Experience19

Property Rights and Resources21

Conclusion: Resource Shortage and the Market in Historical Perspective26

Notes29

Bibliography30

2. Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Economic Change33

Some Aspects of Entrepreneurship33

Innovation and Economic Change40

The Role of Government52

Notes71

Bibliography71

3. Rules versus Discretion in Constitutional Design75

Introduction75

The Reason of Rules76

Voter Power84

Incumbent Governments87

Canadian Constitutional Design93

Notes103

Bibliography103

4. The Growth of the Public Sector in Canada107

Explaining the Growth of Government107

Rational Self-Interest Theories108

Conspiracy Theories117

Measuring the Growth of Government Involvement in the Economy119

Appendix: The Price of Government Output and the Measurement of the Share of the Public Sector in the Economy123

Notes132

Bibliography133

5. Economic Rationality and the Political Behaviour of Canadians135

Introduction135

The Concept of the Political Market138

The Functioning of the Canadian Political Market140

The Pressure Group Model140

The Median-Voter Model141

The Consensus Calculation Model143

Conclusion145

Notes148

Bibliography149

6. Government, Special Interest Groups and Economic Growth153

Introduction153

Overview of the Facts155

Why Growth Rates Differ: Analytical Framework161

Empirical Implementation167

Empirical Results173

Interpretation of the Results178

APPENDIX A: Economic Growth in Historical Perspective, Canada and the United States186

APPENDIX B: Theoretical Model188

APPENDIX C: Definition of Variables190

APPENDIX D: Regression Results192

Notes199

Bibliography200

7. Improving Productivity in the Government Sector: The Role of Contracting Out203

Introduction203

Separating Demand and Supply205

The Nature of Government Services and Bureaucratic Production205

Contracting208

Adapting to the Future229

Conclusions and Observations231

Notes233

Bibliography235

ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTORS239