《CHEMISTRY OF SPECIFIC，SELECTIVE AND SENSITIVE REACTIONS》

Ⅰ．GENERAL COMMENTS ON THE ANALYTICAL USEFULNESS OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS1

Ⅱ．THE CHARACTERIZATION OF CHEMICAL TESTS BY SENSITIVITY,SELECTIVITY,SPECIFICITY,AND LIMITING PROPORTION．THE ROLE OF REACTION CONDITIONS7

Ⅲ．TYPES OF COMPLEX AND COORDINATION COMPOUNDS WHICH PLAY A ROLE AS REACTANTS AND PRODUCTS OF REACTION IN ANALYTICAL PROCESSES23

Ammonia and Its Derivatives as Constituents of Complex Compounds28

Water and Its Derivatives as Constituents of Complex Compounds30

Acido Compounds34

Coordination of Elements36

Polyacids39

Inner Complex Compounds41

Organic Molecular Compounds51

Complex Compounds of Undefined Stoichiometric Composition60

Ⅳ．THE MASKING AND DEMASKING OF REACTIONS67

Masking67

Demasking104

Ⅴ．ENHANCEMENT OF REACTIVITY OF COMPOUNDS AND REACTION SYSTEMS109

Raising the Reactivity by Complex Formation109

Catalyzed Reactions and Induced Reactions122

Induced Precipitation and Induced Solution147

Ⅵ．THE EFFECT OF CERTAIN ATOMIC GROUPINGS ON THE SPECIFIC AND SELECTIVE ACTIVITY OF COMPOUNDS IN INORGANIC ANALYSIS＇167

Acidic OH Groups Boundto Carbon Atoms173

The Specific and Selective Action of Rhodizonic Acid174

The Selective Activity of Pyrogallol and o-Situated Phenolic OH Groups177

The Germanium-Specific Action of 9-Phenyl-2,3,7-Trihydroxy-6-Fluorone179

Analytical Behavior of 8-Hydroxyquinoline(Oxine)and Its Derivatives181

The Selective Action of 4-Hydroxybenzothiazole192

The Behavior of o-Hydroxyaldoximes196

The Behavior of Hydroxyanthraquinones201

The Selective Action of Dicyandiamidine(Guanyl Ure？)205

The Thallium-Specific Group-CO-CH2-CO-(in the Presence of Carbon Disulfide)208

The Behavior of the Group-CO-C(:NOH)-in Aliphatic Chains209

The Zirconium-Specific Action of Mandelic Acid213

Behavior of α-and o-Aminocarboxylic Acids215

α-Amino-n-Caproic Acid217

Anthranilic Acid(o-Aminobenzoic Acid)219

Quinaldic Acid(Quinoline-2-Carboxylic Acid)221

Quinoline-8-Carboxylic Acid224

Other o-Aminocarboxylic Acids225

Acidic SH Groups,Bound to Carbon Atoms225

Selective Actions of 1,2-Mercaptebenzenes226

Selective and Specific Actions of Thioglycolic Acid β-Amninonaph-thalide(Thionalid)230

The Cobalt and Nickel Salts of Thioglycolic Acid Anilide233

Selective Precipitations with Mercaptobenzothiazol236

The Analytical Behavior of Diphenylthiocarbazone(Dithizone)241

The Selective Activity of Rubeanic Acid248

Acidic NOH Groups251

Selective Actions of Nitrosonaphthols252

Selective Actions of Nitrosoarylhydroxylamines(Cupferron and Neocupferron)262

The Copper-Specific Group？266

The Nickel and Palladium Precipitating Grcup？270

Selective Actions of Organic Nitro Compounds toward Alkali Metals280

The Palladium-Specific Action of 6-Nitroquinoline284

Acidic Inorganic Groups in Organic Compounds288

The Selective Activity of the SO2H and SeO2H Groups289

The Zirconium-Binding Group？291

The Selective Action of Bis-p-Chlorophenylphosphoric Acid294

The Specific Action of the Acidic-O-OH Group297

Selective Actions Exercised by Organic Derivatives of Ammonia302

Organic Bases that Form Water-Insoluble Nitrates305

Selective Behavior of p-Fuchsine310

Selective Precipitations through Coordinative Binding of Benzidine312

The Selective Action of α,α＇-Dipyridyl and α,α-Phenanthroline and Their Ferrous Compounds319

Selective Activity of the p-ON-C6H4-N？326

The Silver-Binding NH-Group328

Redox Reactions with Benzidine and Benzidine Homologues332

Specific and Selective Effects Based on Condensation Reactions between Organic and Inorganic Compounds337

The Methylene Blue Reaction of Hydrogen Sulfide338

Condensation of Formaldehyde with Ammonia or Alkali Bisulfite339

Condensation of Aromatic Aldehydes with Hydrazine342

Condensation Reactions of Diacetylmonoxime and Salicylaldehyde with Hydroxylamine343

Selective Condensation Reactions of Salicylaldehyde by Formation of Inner Complex Salts345

Condensation Reactions of 2,4-Diamino-6-Hydroxypyrimidine and Chrysean with Nitrous Acid350

Condensation of 1,8-Diaminonaphthalene with Nitrous Acid or Selenious Acid351

Oxidative Condensation of 8-Hydroxyquinoline with Hydroxylamine353

Condensation Reactions of Organic Hydroxy Compounds with Boric Acid354

Condensation Reactions of Pyrocatechol with Hydroxides of Metals and Nonmetals361

The Formation of Thioketone with Free Sulfur366

Ⅶ．EFFECCT OF CERTAIN ATOMIC GROUPINGS ON THE SPECIFIC AND SELECTIVE ACTIVITY OF COMPOUNDS IN ORGANIC ANALYSIS369

Preliminary Tests Based on Group Actions371

Direct Examination for Certain Atomic Groups by Reactions with Inorganic and Organic Reagents373

1,2-anti-Dioximes ？374

Acyloinoximes ？375

Aromatic o-Hydroxyaldoximes ？375

1,2-Isonitrosoketones R-CO-(:NOH)-R375

α,α＇-Dipyridyls？375

Sulfinic Acids R-SO2H376

Arsonic Acids R-AsO(OH)2376

Mercaptans and Thioketones R-SH and ？376

Phenols and Polyphenols376

Nitroso Compounds,Primary Aromatic Amines,and Aliphatic or Aromatic Hydrazines377

Organic Compounds with Reactive CH2 and NH2 Groups377

Conversion of Organic Compounds into Products with Characteristic Atomic Groups378

Conversion of Nitro to Nitroso Compounds379

Convension of 1,2-Diketones into anti-Dioximes379

Conversion of Ketomethylene Compounds into anti-Dioximes379

Conversion of Aromatic Sulfonic Acids into Phenolates380

Conversion of Primary and Secondary Alcohols into Alkali Xanthates380

Conversion of Carboxylic Acids(and Their Derivatives)into Hy-droxamic Acids380

Conversion of Amines into Rhodanine Dyes381

Ⅷ．REGULARITIES AND ANOMALIES IN THE SOLUTION OF MATERIALS IN INDIFFERENT SOLVENTS383

Ⅸ．THE INFLUENCE OF SIZE-AND WEIGHTING-EFFECTS ON SOLUBILITY AND SALT-FORMING ABILITY411

Ⅹ．SURFACE EFFECTS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY433

Color,Solubility,and Suspendibility of Solids as a Function of Particle Size433

Colloidal Range,Colloidality,Changes of State in Colloid Systems444

Mutual Actions of Inorganic Materials in the Colloidal Rauge464

Protective Colloid and Peptization Action,Colloid Masking and Sensitization by Organic Compounds477

Adsorption as a General Phenomenon of the Accumulation of Materials on Surfaces492

Modification of the Reactivity of Materials by Adsorption521

The Adsorption of Dyes530

Adsorption Compounds547

Isolation and Separation of Materials by Adsorption(Adsorption Analysis)567

Capillary Analysis and Capillary Effects in Spot Test Analysis569

Chromatography589

Foaming Analysis610

Ⅺ．GENETIC FORMATION OF MATERIALS AND TOPOCHEMICAL REACTIONS613

Ⅻ．THE ANALYTICAL USE OF FLUORESCENCE EFFECTS AND PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS671

AUTHOR INDEX695

SUBJECT INDEX710