《POLYETHERS》求取 ⇩

Ⅻ．Polyalkylene Sulfides＆By F．O．Davis and E．M．Fettes1

Ⅰ．Introduction1

Ⅱ．Polymerization of Episulfides(Thiiranes)2

A．Introduction2

B．Monomer Preparation2

C．Stability of Monomer4

D．Polymerization of Monomer6

Ⅲ．Addition of Thiols to Olefins7

A．Introduction7

1．Unsaturated Thiols8

2．Dithiol-Diolefin Reaction8

B．Methods of Polymerization9

1．Bulk9

2．Solution10

3．Emulsion10

C．Polymerization Process11

1．Rate of Polymerization11

2．Mechanism11

D．Structure of Polymers12

1．Chain Structure12

2．End Groups13

3．Molecular Weights13

4．Crosslinking13

E．Properties of Polymers17

1．1,5-Hexadiene17

2．Diolefins with Internal Double Bonds17

3．Conjugated Dienes18

4．Conjugated Dienones18

5．Aromatic Dithiols19

6．Monomers Containing Silicon19

Ⅳ．Addition of Thiols to Carbonyl Compounds20

A．Introduction20

B．Polymer Formation21

1．Direct Reaction of Thiol with Carbonyl Group21

2．Polymerization to Cyclic Mercaptals23

3．Mercaptal Interchange24

Ⅴ．Miscellaneous Methods25

A．Reaction of Dithiols with Dihalides25

B．Polymers from Hydroxyethyl Sulfides26

C．Polymers from Thials and Thiones27

1．Introduction27

2．Aliphatic Thials28

3．Aromatic Thials29

4．Thiones30

Ⅵ．Polyarylene Sulfides＆By R．W．Lenz30

A．Introduction30

B．Polyarylene Sulfides31

C．Polyarylene Sulfoxides32

D．Polyarylene Sulfones32

E．Macallum Polymerization33

1．Polymerization Conditions34

2．Polymerization Mechanism35

3．Polymer Structure36

4．Polymer Properties37

F．Linear Poly-p-phenylene Sulfide37

ⅩⅢ．Polysulfide Polymers:Ⅰ．Chemistry＆By M．B．Berenbaum43

Ⅰ．Introduction43

Ⅱ．Inorganic Polysulfides47

Ⅲ．Halide Monomers51

A．Methylene Polymers(—CH2Sx—)n51

B．Substituted Methylene Polymers(—RCHSx—)n52

C．Ethylene Polymers(—RCHCH2Sx—)n53

D．Monomers Containing Unsaturation54

E．Aromatic Monomers55

F．Miscellaneous Hydrocarbon Monomers56

G．Sulfur-Containing Monomers56

H．Hydroxyl-Containing Monomers57

I．Carbonyl-Containing Monomers58

J．Ether- and Acetal-Containing Monomers59

Ⅳ．Preparation of Alkyl Polysulfide Polymers60

A．Basic Chemistry60

B．Polymerization Processes63

C．Desulfurization(＂Stripping＂)and Thionation67

D．Formation of Cyclic Sulfides69

E．Polymerization of Cyclic Disulfides74

F．Disulfide Interchange(Redistribution)75

G．Preparation of Thiol-Terminated Polymers79

H．Cure of Thiol-Terminated Polymers83

I．Copolymers85

J．Miscellaneous Processes for the Preparation of Polysulfide Polymers87

K．Resin Modification with Polysulfide Polymers91

Ⅴ．Physical Properties94

A．Polymer Structure94

B．Low Temperature Properties97

C．Effect of High Energy Radiation98

D．Polymer Stability99

E．Toxicology100

F．Miscellaneous100

ⅩⅣ．Polysulfide Polymers:Ⅱ．Applications．＆By J．R．Panek115

Ⅰ．Polysulfide Rubbers115

A．Historical Aspects115

1．Introduction115

2．Type A116

3．Type B116

4．Type D117

5．Type F117

6．Type N118

7．Type FA118

8．Type ST119

9．Type PR-1119

10．Type WD-2 and S-102 Crudes119

11．Molding Powders120

12．Vulcanizing Agents120

B．Comparison of Polysulfide Rubbers121

1．Chemical Compositions121

2．Solvent Resistance123

3．Physical Properties124

C．Physical and Chemical Properties126

1．Description of Classes126

2．Plasticization126

3．Vulcanization129

4．Reinforcement132

5．Solvent Resistance136

6．Electrical Properties139

7．Abrasion Resistance141

8．Water Absorption and Water Vapor Permeability141

9．Ozone Resistance142

10．Aging Resistance143

11．Vapor Permeability146

12．Permeability to Hydrogen,Helium and Other Gases147

D．Applications of Polysulfide Rubber Compositions148

Ⅱ．Polysulfide Water Dispersions153

A．History and Development153

B．Softening of Infusible Water Dispersions153

C．Film-Forming Water Dispersions154

D．Comparison of Water Dispersions154

E．Chemical and Physical Properties155

F．WD-6 Blended with Other Latices156

G．Polysulfide Dispersion-Resin Films157

H．Applications159

1．Concrete Tank Liners159

2．Fuel Tank Sealants160

3．Industrial Maintenance Coatings160

4．Agricultural Applications160

Ⅲ．Polysulfide Liquid Polymers161

A．General Preparation161

B．Comparison of Polymers163

C．Methods of Cure164

1．Metallic Oxides165

2．Metallic Peroxides166

3．Inorganic Oxidizing Agents169

4．Dioximes170

5．Organic Nitro Compounds170

6．Organic Peroxides171

7．Aldehydes172

8．Epoxy Resins172

9．Polyisocyanates173

10．Air Oxidation174

11．Phenolic Resins174

12．Polyester Resins174

13．Miscellaneous174

D．Chain Stoppers175

E．Compounding175

1．Accelerators175

2．Retarders177

3．Reinforcement180

4．Plasticization181

5．Adhesion182

6．Compounding for Improved Heat Resistance183

7．Electrical Properties187

8．Solvent Resistance187

9．Moisture Vapor Transmission and Water Absorp-tion188

F．Applications189

1．Aircraft189

2．Ships189

3．Building Industry189

4．Leather190

5．Miscellaneous191

Ⅳ．Polysulfide Vulcanizing Agents192

Ⅴ．Polysulfide Liquid Polymer-Epoxy Resin Reactions195

A．General195

B．Curing Agents197

1．Amines197

2．Acids198

3．Miscellaneous199

C．Properties199

1．Physical Properties199

2．Coefficient of Linear Expansion201

3．Impact Resistance201

4．Water Resistance202

5．Heat Distortion Temperature202

6．Electrical Properties203

7．Low Temperature Properties204

D．Applications204

1．Castings204

2．Coatings205

3．Adhesives206

4．Tooling207

ⅩⅤ．Polysulfones．＆By E．M．Fettes and F．O．Davis225

Ⅰ．Polymers from Sulfur Dioxide and Olefins225

A．Introduction225

B．Polymerization Process227

1．Initiation228

2．Propagation and Ceiling Temperature234

3．Methods235

4．Inhibitors239

C．Monomers239

1．Aliphatie Olefins240

2．Cyclic Hydrocarbons244

3．Diolefins245

4．Polyolefins246

5．Acetylenic Hydrocarbons246

6．Allyl Compounds247

7．Vinyl Monomers249

D．Structure of Polysulfones251

1．Chain Configuration251

2．Molecular Weight253

E．Properties of Polysulfones254

1．Physical Properties254

2．Chemical Properties255

3．Thermal Stability255

F．Applications259

Ⅱ．Polysulfones Prepared by Other Methods260

A．Oxidation of Polymeric Sulfides261

B．Reaction of Disulfinates with Dihalides261

C．Reactive Sulfones262

List of Trademarks271

Author Index273

Subject Index291