《Table 3Meta-regression analysis of potential sources of heterogeneity in papers which re-ported dia

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《Protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-Ⅱ versus alpha-fetoprotein in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review with meta-analysis》

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AFP:alpha-fetoprotein；PIVKA-II:protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II.

Ten studies which reported on the sensitivity and specificity of combining PIVKA-II with AFP in detection of HCC were included in this subgroup analysis.The diagnostic accuracy was compared between PIVKA-II/AFP combination and each marker alone（Table 2）.PIVKA-II/AFP combination significantly increased the sensitivity but decreased the specificity and DOR in detection of HCC when compared to each marker alone.However，the combination of PIVKA-II/AFP did not significantly improve the performance of PIVKA-II.The heterogeneity in this subgroup was studied using regression analysis of DOR in terms of cut-off value，ethnic group，etiology，and tumor size.The results are shown in Table 3.Cut-off value of PIVKA-II and AFP，sample size，etiology，ethnic group，and tumor size did not have any significant impact on the heterogeneity.