《Table 1 Different additive mixing proportions of UCNCs colloids solution and corresponding CIE colo

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The optical properties of NaYF4nanoparticles can be tailored by adjusting the Ln3+dopants in both core and shell layers，which is an efficient method to incorporate different UC emissions into one single nanocrystal[35，36].Therefore，the rationally designed NaYF4based core-triple-shell nanoparticles are expected to emit tunable color under irradiation of NIR lasers.Subsequently，the UPL properties of core-triple-shell nanoparticles are investigated，as shown in Fig.3.Under 808 nm irradiation，the TNYE UCNCs present overwhelming blue color emission peak centered at 477 nm（Fig.3a）.Interestingly，there are also green emission peaks at 523 and 543 nm with lower intensity accompanying with the blue emission when excited under 980 nm laser（Fig.3a）.Eventually，the TNYE UCNCs in cyclohexane collodial solution exhibit blue（B）and cycan color under irradiation of 808 and 980 nm lasers with filtering out of UV/IR interference signal，respectively（inset of Fig.3a）.Meanwhile，the UPL spectra of TYNE UCNCs are shown in Fig.3b，which gave rise to two divergent green peaks at523 and 543 nm under excitation at 808 nm laser，and a dominant blue peak under excitation at 980 nm laser.Thus，the photograph of corresponding colloidal solution appears pure green（G）and blue color（B）under 808 and980 nm irradiation（inset of Fig.3b）.Additionally，Fig.3c presents the fluorescence spectra of ETNYE UCNCs，which yield a sharp red peak（657 nm）under 808 nm laser irradiation，and two peaks（543 and 657 nm）under980 nm laser irradiation.The ETNYE UCNCs in cyclohexane solution exhibit the pure red（R）and overlapped yellow color（Fig.3c）under 808 and 980 nm irradiation，respectively.Additive mixing of ink is a straightforward approach to tune multi-color and extend the color gamut according to the overlay principle of RGB colors.Herein，we set the as-obtained RGB colors under 808 nm irradiation as the basic coordinates for tuning color display.To achieve this aim，certain amounts of two types of UCNCs in cyclohexane solution with similar fluorescence intensity under 808 nm excitation are mixed physically（denoted as P1，P2 and P3，respectively）.The detail mixing parameters are listed in Table 1.By adjusting the volume ratio of P1 and P2，or P2 and P3，or P3 and P1from 3/0 to 0/3，respectively，the gradient color emission of UCNCs colloidal solution can be gradually generated（Fig.3d）.Furthermore，corresponding fluorescent spectra of UCNCs solution under different volume ratio are also explored and the detail coordinates are marked on the CIE chromaticity diagram（Table 1 and Figs S3–S5）.Remarkably，they are accessible to broader color gamut（marked by the dark triangle，Fig.3e）compared with s RGB（marked by the white triangle，Fig.3e）and printing CMY（marked by blue dotted line of triangle，Fig.3f）[37]，providing essential condition for multi-color anticounterfeiting model.