《Table 2 Contrast of tensile properties of TC and PT steels before and after enamel firing》

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《Microstructure and properties of Ti-bearing hot-rolled high-strength steel plates for two-sided enameling》

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From Table 2，we can see that after two-sided enamel firing，especially after the first enamel firing，the yield strength of both the TC and PT samples has significantly declined，but the TC sample then maintained its yield strength at 342 MPa.According to the Hall-Petch relation[4]，the grain size of a PT sample obviously increases after enamel firing，which should be the main reason for the decreased yield strength.In contrast，the grain size of the TC sample changes hardly at all，so its effect on yield strength is not significant.From Fig.3，we can see that the TiC precipitates in the TC sample are very fine and are diffused widely prior to enameling.However，the TiC precipitatesobviouslyincreaseinsizeafter enameling.According to the relationship between precipitation strengthening and the volume fraction and diameter of the second-phase particles[5]，the strengthening effect of the second-phase particles increases with increased volume fraction and decreased particle size.This is one of the main causes of the decreased yield strength of the TC sample after enameling.The research of Pang et al.[6]also showed an increase in the precipitate phase and a decrease in the solid-solution carbon strengthening effect，so that the yield strength of a steel plate after enamel firing had obviously decreased.